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<\/p>\nK\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma ve vir\u00fcsler \u00f6nemli bir cinsi tehlike alt\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131yor. Yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re; ABD\u2019de ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00f6netilen kolonilerinin neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesiyle, rekor seviyede \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsanlar\u0131n beslenmesinin y\u00fczde 35\u2019i b\u00f6ceklerle tozlanan bitkilerden gelirken ve bu tozla\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fczden 80\u2019inden de bal ar\u0131lar\u0131 sorumluyken bu \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekiyor. Ar\u0131c\u0131lar, pop\u00fclasyonun devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve yeni koloniler olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in pahal\u0131 ve zorlu \u00f6nlemler kullanarak bir \u015fekilde ayakta kalmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n
Bal ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n hayatlar\u0131 tehlikede olsa da ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, yap\u0131lan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n bir noktada i\u015fe yaramaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
RAHATSIZ ED\u0130C\u0130 B\u0130R KAYIP<\/b><\/p>\n
Maryland \u00dcniversitesi ve Auburn \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da 1 Nisan\u2019da sona eren y\u0131lda kolonilerin y\u00fczde 48\u2019inin yok olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ABD bal ar\u0131s\u0131 kolonilerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smen sabit kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n y\u00fczde 48\u2019lik y\u0131ll\u0131k kayb\u0131, bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131l\u0131n y\u00fczde 39\u2019luk kayb\u0131ndan ve 12 y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama y\u00fczde 39,6\u2019dan olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek, ancak 2020-2021\u2019deki y\u00fczde 50,8\u2019lik \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 kadar da de\u011fil.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmayan k\u00fcresel ar\u0131c\u0131 derne\u011fi Apimondia\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin eski ar\u0131 bilimcisi Jeff Pettis, \u201cABD\u2019de tozla\u015fma taleplerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in yeterli koloniyi zar zor y\u00f6netti\u011fimiz g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulunca bu \u00e7ok rahats\u0131z edici bir kay\u0131p rakam\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n koloni say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 her y\u0131l yeniden in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in yapmalar\u0131 gereken s\u0131k\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 da vurguluyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
HEN\u00dcZ B\u0130R ARI KIYAMET\u0130 YA\u015eANMIYOR AMA\u2026<\/b><\/p>\n
Anketin ba\u015f yazar\u0131 Maryland \u00dcniversitesi ar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131 Nathalie Steinhauer, ticari ar\u0131 yeti\u015ftiricilerinin kovanlar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131p yeniden stoklamalar\u0131, yeni krali\u00e7eler bulmalar\u0131 veya sat\u0131n almalar\u0131 nedeniyle genel ar\u0131 kolonisi pop\u00fclasyonunun nispeten sabit oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Steinhauer, prognozun 15 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki kadar k\u00f6t\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck kay\u0131plardan nas\u0131l kurtulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendiklerine de dikkat \u00e7ekti:<\/p>\n
\u201cDurum ger\u00e7ekten k\u00f6t\u00fcye gitmiyor, ama ayn\u0131 zamanda iyiye de gitmiyor. Hen\u00fcz bu bir ar\u0131 k\u0131yameti de\u011fil.\u201d<\/p>\n
ABD Tar\u0131m Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan b\u00f6cekbilimci Jay Evans da b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131ll\u0131k kay\u0131plara ra\u011fmen, durumun bir\u00e7ok ar\u0131 uzman\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netilen tozla\u015fman\u0131n sona ermesini bekledi\u011fi 2007\u2019den \u00e7ok daha iyi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n
\u201c\u00c7evrede kesinlikle tehditler var ve bal ar\u0131lar\u0131 devam etti. Bal ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n neslinin t\u00fckenece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum ama bence her zaman bu t\u00fcr zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facaklar.\u201d<\/p>\n
Evans, daha \u00f6nce ar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 korumay\u0131 ba\u015faran baz\u0131 ticari ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ge\u00e7en y\u0131l kolonilerinin y\u00fczde 80\u2019ini kaybederken, baz\u0131 ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ise iyi i\u015f \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
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<\/p>\n
ARILARIN YA\u015eAMI TEHD\u0130T ALTINDA<\/b><\/p>\n
Ar\u0131larda ya\u015fanan rekor kayba ra\u011fmen baz\u0131 uzmanlar pop\u00fclasyonun devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekse de bal ar\u0131lar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 tehlikede.<\/p>\n
Sebzelerden turun\u00e7gillere t\u00fcketti\u011fimiz 100\u2019den fazla besinin tozla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bal ar\u0131lar\u0131, bir s\u00fcredir parazitler, b\u00f6cek ila\u00e7lar\u0131 ve iklim krizi nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n
Steinhauer, \u00f6zellikle vir\u00fcsleri bula\u015ft\u0131ran asalak Varroa y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f su\u00e7lu oldu\u011funu, ancak k\u00f6t\u00fc hava ve ana ar\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n da ge\u00e7en y\u0131l olduk\u00e7a etkili oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Pestisitler de ar\u0131lar\u0131 hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 daha savunmas\u0131z hale getirdikleri ve yiyecek aramalar\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015fleri daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftiriyor.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer bir sorun ise, yaln\u0131zca tek \u00fcr\u00fcne sahip araziler veya di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle ar\u0131lar\u0131 yiyecekten mahrum b\u0131rakan araziler\u2026 Ayr\u0131ca yap\u0131lan b\u00f6cek ila\u00e7lar\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hava olaylar\u0131 da ar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunu olumsuz etkilemeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin, ocak ay\u0131nda Washington DC b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fanan al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k derecede s\u0131cak hava, baz\u0131 ar\u0131lar\u0131 normal k\u0131\u015f rutinlerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ve tekrar hava so\u011fudu\u011funda ac\u0131 \u00e7ekmelerine neden oldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ABD’de yap\u0131lan yeni bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma bal ar\u0131lar\u0131yla ilgili ac\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re; genel ar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunun sabit kalmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ra\u011fmen ar\u0131 kolonilerinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 50’si ge\u00e7en y\u0131l \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":104615,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[2872,188],"class_list":["post-104614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-ari","tag-bas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104614","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=104614"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104614\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":104616,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104614\/revisions\/104616"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/104615"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=104614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=104614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=104614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}