{"id":107112,"date":"2023-06-30T09:35:03","date_gmt":"2023-06-30T09:35:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=107112"},"modified":"2023-06-30T09:35:03","modified_gmt":"2023-06-30T09:35:03","slug":"dunyada-12-bin-500den-fazla-nukleer-savas-basligi-var","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=107112","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyada 12 bin 500\u2019den fazla n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 var"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00dclkelerin n\u00fckleer silahlanma yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131yla 1 Temmuz 1968\u2019de imzaya a\u00e7\u0131lan NPT, 1970\u2019te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Antla\u015fma 1995\u2019te ise s\u00fcresiz olarak uzat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, n\u00fckleer enerjinin bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve n\u00fckleer silahs\u0131zlanmay\u0131 hedefleyen antla\u015fma bu y\u0131l 55\u2019inci y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 geride b\u0131raksa da d\u00fcnyada n\u00fckleer silahlara yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar ve n\u00fckleer silahlar konusundaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyada halihaz\u0131rda ABD, Rusya, \u00c7in, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa, Hindistan, Pakistan, \u0130srail ve Kuzey Kore n\u00fckleer silahlara sahip \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Grafik: AA<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Bu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda n\u00fckleer silah say\u0131s\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Rusya, ABD ve \u00c7in ba\u015fat g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

RUSYA SAVA\u015e BA\u015eLI\u011eINDA L\u0130DER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u015firketi Statista\u2019n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnyada 12 bin 500\u2019den fazla n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunurken, Rusya 5 bin 889 n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 ile ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

Rusya\u2019y\u0131 5 bin 244 ba\u015fl\u0131kla ABD ve 410 n\u00fckleer ba\u015fl\u0131k ile \u00c7in takip ediyor. Fransa\u2019n\u0131n 290, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin 225, Pakistan\u2019\u0131n 170 Hindistan\u2019\u0131n 164, \u0130srail\u2019in 90, Kuzey Kore\u2019nin ise tahminlere g\u00f6re 20 n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Stockholm Uluslararas\u0131 Bar\u0131\u015f Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn (SIPRI) 2023 raporuna g\u00f6re, genel olarak, d\u00fcnyadaki n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 azalmaya devam ediyor ancak bu durum \u00f6zellikle ABD ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmayan sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tasfiye etmesinden kaynaklan\u0131yor.
\u00d6te yandan, aktif sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n geciktirildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ve say\u0131lar\u0131 tekrar art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

ABD ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n, n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, f\u00fcze, u\u00e7ak ve denizalt\u0131 f\u0131rlatma sistemlerini ve n\u00fckleer silah \u00fcretim tesislerini yenilemek ve modernize etmek i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 programlara sahip oldu\u011fu biliniyor.<\/p>\n

Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin, \u015fubatta yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ulusa sesleni\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131nda, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Yeni Stratejik Silahlar\u0131n Azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na (START) kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ask\u0131ya ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
2010\u2019da imzalanan Yeni START Antla\u015fmas\u0131, Rusya ve ABD\u2019nin konu\u015fland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 stratejik n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 maksimum 1550 ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Putin, haziranda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u00fclkesinin Belarus\u2019a ilk parti taktik n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131 yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fini, silah transferinin yaz sonuna kadar tamamlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Rusya’n\u0131n Belarus\u2019a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi n\u00fckleer taktik silahlar\u0131n ABD\u2019nin 1945’te Japonya’ya kar\u015f\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u00fckleer silahlardan 3 kat daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011fu aktar\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in Ocak 2022\u2019de 350 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131, Ocak 2023\u2019te 410\u2019a y\u00fckseldi. SIPRI\u2019nin raporunda, \u00c7in\u2019in n\u00fckleer g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn tam olarak bilinmedi\u011fi ve de\u011ferlendirmelerinin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ABD Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n verilerine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131 \u00e7iziliyor.<\/p>\n

YATIRIM ARTIYOR<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer Silahlar\u0131n Yasaklanmas\u0131 Takibi ve Uluslararas\u0131 N\u00fckleer Silahlar\u0131 Kald\u0131rma Giri\u015fiminin (ICAN) haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporlarda ise n\u00fckleer silaha sahip 9 \u00fclkenin 2019 -2022 y\u0131llar\u0131nda n\u00fckleer silah geli\u015ftirme i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Verilere g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnya genelinde n\u00fckleer silah yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 2019\u2019da 72,9 milyar dolar, 2020\u2019de 72,6 milyar dolar, 2021\u2019de 82,4 milyar dolar, 2022\u2019de ise 82,9 milyar dolar\u0131 buldu. 4 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n 10 milyar dolar artmas\u0131 dikkati \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer silahlara en \u00e7ok yat\u0131r\u0131m yapan ABD\u2019yi s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u00c7in, Rusya, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa, Hindistan, \u0130srail, Pakistan ve Kuzey Kore takip etti.<\/p>\n

ABD, n\u00fckleer silahlara 2019\u2019da 35,4 milyar dolar yat\u0131r\u0131m yaparken, 2020\u2019de 37,4 milyar, 2021\u2019de 44,2 milyar, 2022\u2019de 43,7 milyar dolar harcad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in harcamalar\u0131 2019\u2019da 10,4 milyar dolar olurken, bu rakam 2020\u2019de 10,1 milyar dolar, 2021 ve 2022\u2019de 11,7 milyar dolara y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

Rusya, bu silahlar i\u00e7in 2019\u2019da 8,5 milyar dolar harcama yaparken, 2020\u2019de 8 milyar, 2021\u2019de 8,6 milyar, 2022\u2019de 9,6 milyar dolar harcama yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere’nin n\u00fckleer silahlar i\u00e7in 2019\u2019da 8,9 milyar dolar, 2020\u2019de 6,2 milyar, 2021 ve 2022\u2019de 6,8 milyar dolar harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Fransa, n\u00fckleer silahlar i\u00e7in 2019\u2019da 4,8 milyar dolar, 2020\u2019de 5,7 milyar, 2021\u2019de 5,9 milyar, 2022\u2019de 5,6 milyar dolar yat\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hindistan\u2019\u0131n bu silahlar i\u00e7in kasas\u0131ndan 2019\u2019da 2,3 milyar dolar \u00e7\u0131karken, bu miktar\u0131n 2020\u2019de 2,48 milyar, 2021\u2019de 2,3 milyar, 2022\u2019de 2,7 milyar dolar oldu\u011fu saptand\u0131.
\u0130srail, n\u00fckleer silah geli\u015ftirme i\u00e7in 2019\u2019da 1 milyar dolar, 2020\u2019de 1,1 milyar, 2021 ve 2022\u2019de 1,2 milyar dolar harcama yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Pakistan\u2019\u0131n n\u00fckleer silah yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 2019 ve 2020\u2019de 1 milyar dolar olarak tespit edilirken, bu say\u0131 2021\u2019de art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stererek 1,1 milyar dolar oldu, 2022\u2019de ise tekrar 1 milyar dolar seviyesine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer silah tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131nda olan Kuzey Kore\u2019nin n\u00fckleer silah yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n 2019\u2019da 600 milyon dolar, 2020\u2019de 667 milyon, 2021\u2019de 642 milyon, 2022\u2019de ise 589 milyon dolar oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00dcLKELER FARKLI TUTUMLARA SAH\u0130P\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

SIPRI Kitle \u0130mha Silahlar\u0131 Program\u0131\u2019nda k\u0131demli ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Petr Topychkanov, konuyla ilgili a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131. Topychkanov, NATO\u2019nun n\u00fckleer politikas\u0131n\u0131n, aralar\u0131nda ABD, \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu n\u00fckleer silaha sahip \u00fcyeleri ile n\u00fckleer silaha sahip olmayan \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda var\u0131lan mutabakatla belirlendi\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer silaha sahip olmayan \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin farkl\u0131 tutumlara sahip oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Topychkanov, \u201cBaz\u0131 \u00fclkeler topraklar\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin taktik n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n\u0131 bulundurma ve NATO\u2019nun n\u00fckleer g\u00f6revlerine kat\u0131lma konular\u0131nda istekliyken, di\u011ferleri topraklar\u0131nda n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na izin vermemekte ve g\u00f6revlere kat\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 NPT’nin mu\u011flak olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n

Topychkanov, NPT’nin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesinden bu yana, hem Rusya (1991 \u00f6ncesi Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birli\u011fi) hem de ABD’de n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda \u00f6nemli ilerlemeler kaydedildi\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 2010’da imzalanan START kapsam\u0131nda, operasyonel olarak konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lan n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 1550 olarak s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla So\u011fuk Sava\u015f d\u00f6nemine k\u0131yasla \u00f6nemli bir azalma ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak antla\u015fman\u0131n bu y\u0131l ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Topychkanov, \u201cRusya ile Bat\u0131 \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki sorunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00c7in ve Kuzey Kore, Hindistan ve Pakistan gibi NPT \u00fcyesi olmayan \u00fclkelerdeki n\u00fckleer b\u00fcy\u00fcme, k\u00fcresel n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Topychkanov, Kuzey Kore\u2019nin n\u00fckleer tehditlerini \u201chayatta kalma stratejisi\u201d olarak yorumlarken, \u00fclkenin, Avrupa\u2019daki NATO \u00fclkeleri ya da ABD i\u00e7in tehlike te\u015fkil etmedi\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Kore ve Japonya gibi ABD m\u00fcttefikleri i\u00e7in ise Kuzey Kore\u2019nin n\u00fckleer tehdidinin endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Topychkanov, \u201cBu \u00fclkelerdeki baz\u0131 ki\u015filer savunma \u00f6nlemi olarak n\u00fckleer cephanelik in\u015fa edilmesini savunuyor\u201d dedi. (AA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00fckleer Silahlar\u0131n Yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi Antla\u015fmas\u0131 (NPT) 55’inci y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 doldururken, n\u00fckleer silahlar konusunda anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu alanda ge\u00e7en y\u0131l yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar 82 milyar dolar\u0131 ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":107113,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[880,11,840,4501,42],"class_list":["post-107112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","tag-880","tag-abd","tag-milyar-dolar","tag-nukleer-silah","tag-rusya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=107112"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":107114,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107112\/revisions\/107114"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/107113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=107112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=107112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=107112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}