{"id":108878,"date":"2023-08-07T03:05:08","date_gmt":"2023-08-07T03:05:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=108878"},"modified":"2023-08-07T03:05:08","modified_gmt":"2023-08-07T03:05:08","slug":"elektronik-sigara-ani-olume-yol-acabilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=108878","title":{"rendered":"Elektronik sigara ani \u00f6l\u00fcme yol a\u00e7abilir"},"content":{"rendered":"

2003<\/strong> y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7inli bir eczac\u0131 Hon Lik (Han Li) taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ve kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n v\u00fccuduna yanmadan nikotin vermeyi ama\u00e7layan elektronik cihazlar, mucidine g\u00f6re sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yordu. Halen de b\u00f6yle zannediliyor. Ancak bu cihazlar\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir etkisinin kesin olarak kan\u0131tlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Kalp Cerrah\u0131 Prof. Dr. Bing\u00fcr S\u00f6nmez, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7ler taraf\u0131ndan yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan e-sigaran\u0131n tehlikelerini \u015f\u00f6yle anlatt\u0131:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

S\u0130GARADAN UZAKLA\u015eTIRMIYOR <\/strong>AKS\u0130NE BA\u011eIMLILIK YAPIYOR<\/strong><\/p>\n

Herhangi bir yanma i\u015flemi olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bu cihazlar\u0131n sigaray\u0131 and\u0131rmas\u0131 ve benzer kullan\u0131m \u015fekli nedeniyle \u201cElektronik Nikotin Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m Sistemi\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekirken, sempatik g\u00f6stermek amac\u0131yla \u201celektronik sigara\u201d veya daha cazip hale getirmek i\u00e7in \u201ce-sigara\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2006 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra da ABD ve Avrupa’da herhangi bir kontrole tabi olmadan piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. E-sigaran\u0131n, sigara i\u00e7enlerin sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olma potansiyel etkinli\u011fini g\u00f6steren g\u00fcvenilir bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yoktur. Hatta sigara i\u00e7enler aras\u0131nda e-sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n b\u0131rakma \u015fanslar\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bildirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kili kullan\u0131c\u0131lar (t\u00fct\u00fcn ve e-sigara beraber) i\u00e7in risk daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u00dcstelik tamamen e-sigara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131s\u0131 olanlar da az de\u011fildir. E-sigara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 gelecekte \u00f6nemli bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu haline gelecektir. Bu nedenle y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok ciddi zararl\u0131 etkilerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc de yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

H\u0130\u00c7B\u0130R\u0130 G\u00dcVENL\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130L<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilk y\u0131llarda konuyla ilgili bilimsel yay\u0131nlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131, potansiyel kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ve sa\u011fl\u0131k uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n elektronik sigaran\u0131n potansiyel sa\u011fl\u0131k risklerini sigaraya k\u0131yasla ay\u0131rt etmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar artt\u0131k\u00e7a sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmada bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmm\u00fc\u015f gibi sunulan e-sigaralar\u0131n, yanan sigaralardan daha az zararl\u0131 olmad\u0131klar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu merdiven alt\u0131 olan ve hemen hemen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde yasaklanan bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin her markas\u0131n\u0131n kalp ve akci\u011fer i\u00e7in \u00e7ok tehlikeli oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. \u00dcstelik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar \u00fcretici firmalar\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fteri memnuniyetini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00fcr\u00fcn modelini y\u00fckselttik\u00e7e zararl\u0131 etkilerinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015eTE KORKUTAN GER\u00c7EKLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda elektronik sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok trajik \u00f6l\u00fcmle ilgili haberler ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eubat 2020 itibar\u0131yla, e-sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131yla ili\u015fkili akci\u011fer hasar\u0131 olup 64’\u00fc \u00f6l\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanan akut akci\u011fer yetmezli\u011fi nedeniyle 2 bin 758 hastaneye yat\u0131\u015f bildirilmi\u015ftir. Hastalar \u00e7o\u011funlukla d\u00fczenli olarak e-sigara kullanan ya\u015f\u0131 24 olan gen\u00e7lerdi. \u0130lk olgu Mart 2019’da kaydedilmi\u015f olup, en y\u00fcksek hastaneye yat\u0131\u015f say\u0131s\u0131 Eyl\u00fcl 2019’da bildirilmi\u015ftir. Bu trajik olaylar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sorunun esas olarak, \u00f6ncelikle THC (tetrahidrokanabinol) i\u00e7eren \u00fcr\u00fcnleri kullanan e-sigara kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, hastanede yatan hastalar\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 e-sigara dolum s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015fteri memnuniyetini art\u0131rmak ve ayr\u0131 bir keyif arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in esrar veya kannabidiolden (CBD) t\u00fcretilen ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yapan psikoaktif bir madde olan tetrahidrokanabinol (THC) i\u00e7erdi\u011fini ve bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde karaborsadan sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bu hastalar\u0131n akci\u011fer filmlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve tedavileri \u00e7ok zor olan akut eozinofilik pn\u00f6moni, diff\u00fcz alveolar hasar ve lipid pn\u00f6monisi saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sigaralarla y\u00fcksek miktar nikotinin birden kana kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ciddi bir ritim bozuklu\u011fu ile an\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeni olabilece\u011fi de a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pil voltaj\u0131 ayarlanabilen baz\u0131 e-sigara t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in voltaj ne kadar y\u00fcksekse, e-s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da o kadar y\u00fcksek olur. E-sigara cihaz\u0131 i\u00e7indeki buharla\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemli art\u0131\u015f, yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan iki e-s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn (gliserin ve propilen glikol) termal ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na neden olabilir. Her iki solvent de, kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f bir kanserojen g\u00fcce sahip toksik bir kimyasal olan formaldehite d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Son sistem oldu\u011fu iddia edilen baz\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde pil voltaj\u0131n\u0131n 3.0 V’tan 4.8 V’a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, aerosoldeki formaldehit miktar\u0131n\u0131 on kattan fazla art\u0131rarak t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131ndakine benzer bir d\u00fczeye neden oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, e-sigara bobinindeki \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck miktardaki e-likidin, cihaz\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na neden olabilece\u011fi ve geleneksel sigaraya k\u0131yasla on be\u015f kat daha fazla formaldehit emisyonuna yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyorki daha \u00e7ok keyif verici hale getirerek m\u00fc\u015fteri memnuniyetini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterilen her \u00e7aba kanser riskini de art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AROMALARDAK\u0130 TEHL\u0130KE!<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

E-sigara<\/strong> kullan\u0131m\u0131yla ili\u015fkili potansiyel riskin de\u011ferlendirilmesindeki bir ba\u015fka tehlike de e-s\u0131v\u0131larda bulunan aroma maddelerinin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fidir. \u00d6zellikle gen\u00e7ler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ekicili\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli modellere renk, tat ve aroma se\u00e7enekleri ilave edilmesi e-sigaray\u0131 daha cezbedici hale getirerek felaketin boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kiraz aromal\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131lardan \u00fcretilen bir aerosol\u00fcn, t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131ndan daha fazla benzaldehit i\u00e7erdi\u011fi saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Benzaldehit, burun ve bo\u011fazda yanma hissi, \u00f6ks\u00fcrme ve nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hissine neden olan potansiyel bir solunum tahri\u015f edicidir. Tatl\u0131 olan e-s\u0131v\u0131lar (\u00f6r. \u015fekerleme, s\u00fct, \u00e7ikolata aromal\u0131) daha fazla solunum yolu toksik madde olan diasetil ve 2.3-pentandion i\u00e7erir. Bu bile\u015fikler solunduklar\u0131nda ciddi akci\u011fer hasar\u0131na neden olarak bron\u015fit geli\u015fimine yol a\u00e7ar. Bu durum da solunum hacminin (vital kapasite) azalmas\u0131na sebep olur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prof. Dr. S\u00f6nmez, tiryakilerin sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak i\u00e7in, gen\u00e7lerin de sigaradan daha zarars\u0131z oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 elektronik sigaran\u0131n san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar masum olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekti. S\u00f6nmez, \u201cBu cihazlarla y\u00fcksek miktar nikotinin birden kana kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ciddi bir ritim bozuklu\u011fu ile ani \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeni olabilir\u201d uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":108879,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[4017,13115,1056,13116,648],"class_list":["post-108878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-akciger","tag-artirmak","tag-elektronik","tag-potansiyel","tag-sigara"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108878","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=108878"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108878\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":108880,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108878\/revisions\/108880"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/108879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=108878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=108878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=108878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}