D\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerinden 104 akademisyenin bir araya gelerek iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin ku\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcremesine etkilerini inceledi\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) adl\u0131 bilimsel dergide yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n 104 ayr\u0131 ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcndeki di\u015fi bireylerin \u00fcremeleri \u00fczerine 1970 ile 2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki k\u00fcresel verilerden yola \u00e7\u0131karak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada elde edilen bulgulara g\u00f6re, ku\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcreme oran\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fiklikler t\u00fcrlere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucuna g\u00f6re ku\u015flar\u0131n y\u00fczde 56,7\u2019sinin \u00fcreme oranlar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, y\u00fczde 43,4\u2019\u00fcnde ise art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlemlenirken, en \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7men ku\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcremelerinde meydana geldi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada, 20 ve 21\u2019inci y\u00fczy\u0131llarda s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n ciddi \u015fekilde artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131larak, \u00f6zelikle ya\u011f\u0131\u015f modellerindeki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin, iklim ku\u015faklar\u0131ndaki kaymalar\u0131n, hayvanlar\u0131n \u00fcreme ve k\u0131\u015flama alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7evresel ko\u015fullardaki farkl\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131n ve g\u00f6\u00e7 ederken maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 ko\u015fullardaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin bu durum \u00fczerinde etkili oldu\u011fu bildirildi.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6\u00e7men ku\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcreme alanlar\u0131na art\u0131k daha erken varmas\u0131 ve yiyecek bulabilecekleri en kolay zaman ile \u00fcreme i\u00e7in gereksinim duyduklar\u0131 en \u00fcst seviye enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n zamanlamas\u0131 aras\u0131nda uyumsuzluk ya\u015fanmas\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hava olaylar\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanma ve yiyecek bulma s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bu sonu\u00e7lar \u00fczerinde etkili olabilece\u011fi vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6\u00e7 etmeyen ve g\u00f6\u00e7men ku\u015flara g\u00f6re daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan ku\u015flar\u0131n ise de\u011fi\u015fen iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kaynakl\u0131 farkl\u0131la\u015fan yerel ko\u015fullara daha \u00e7abuk adapte olabildi\u011fi ve \u00f6zelikle iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kaynakl\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bu ku\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcremelerini art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edildi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada kullan\u0131lan metotlar ve oranlamalar sonucu k\u00fcresel ku\u015f pop\u00fclasyonundaki yavrular\u0131n toplam say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n son 50 y\u0131lda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ortaya konurken \u00fcremede ya\u015fanan bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn, ilerleyen y\u0131llarda ku\u015f pop\u00fclasyonunun devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit edebilece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuldu.<\/p>\n
\u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6vdeli hayvanlar\u0131n bulunduklar\u0131 ortama adaptasyonu daha zor\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren OST\u0130M Teknik \u00dcniversitesi M\u00fchendislik Fak\u00fcltesi End\u00fcstri M\u00fchendisli\u011fi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi ve ekolog Prof. Dr. \u0130lhami Kiziro\u011flu, ku\u015flar\u0131n temelde \u00f6tebilme yetilerine g\u00f6re ikiye ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydetti.<\/p>\n \u00d6t\u00fcc\u00fc olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck v\u00fccutlu ku\u015flar\u0131n bulunduklar\u0131 ortam\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na \u00e7ok daha \u00e7abuk adapte olabildi\u011fini ifade eden Kiziro\u011flu, bu ku\u015flar\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmadan daha az, \u00f6t\u00fcc\u00fc olmayan b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6vdeli ku\u015flar\u0131n ise daha fazla etkilendi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n B\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6vdeli hayvanlar\u0131n hem bulunduklar\u0131 ortama adaptasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n zor olmas\u0131 hem de \u00e7ok az say\u0131da yumurta b\u0131rakmalar\u0131 nedeniyle \u00fcremelerinin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha zor oldu\u011funa dikkati \u00e7eken Kiziro\u011flu, \u201cEkolojide bir kural vard\u0131r, belli bir canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcremesini sa\u011flayabilmeniz i\u00e7in \u00fcreme enerjisinin de yetkin ve yeterli olmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bu sa\u011flanmadan, herhangi bir canl\u0131y\u0131 belli bir alanda \u00e7o\u011faltman\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n De\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullara daha kolay adapte olabilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ku\u015flar\u0131n ayr\u0131ca y\u00fcksek oranda \u00fcreme enerjisine sahip oldu\u011fu, y\u0131lda 3-4 kez kulu\u00e7kaya yatabildi\u011fi ve her kulu\u00e7ka d\u00f6neminde \u00f6nemli say\u0131da yavruya sahip oldu\u011fu bilgisini payla\u015fan Kiziro\u011flu, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n \u201cMevsimler kay\u0131yor, ama bu kaymadan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ku\u015flar daha az etkileniyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ku\u015f t\u00fcrleri y\u0131lda zaten birka\u00e7 kez ku\u015fak olu\u015fturuyor. Ama mesela y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 ku\u015flar, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131llar, karabataklar y\u0131lda sadece bir kez kulu\u00e7kaya yat\u0131yorlar ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kulu\u00e7kaya yatt\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nemin, kendi ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131 ile senkronize olmas\u0131 gerekiyor.\u201d<\/p>\n Sera gazlar\u0131n\u0131n uzun zamandan beridir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcndeminde olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n hala bu konuda \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar\u0131n at\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirmesini payla\u015fan Kiziro\u011flu, \u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1 derece ile 3 derece aras\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f var. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile Palearktik b\u00f6lgedeki buz k\u00fctleleri ha bire eriyor. Buzul \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015fanan olaylar \u015fimdi tersine geli\u015fme g\u00f6steriyor. Bunlar\u0131n etkisiyle canl\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u0131n biyolojik ritimlerinde bozulmalar ya\u015fan\u0131yor\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu. (AA)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kaynakl\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ku\u015f t\u00fcrlerinin \u00fcremelerine etkisini inceleyen uluslararas\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, g\u00f6\u00e7men ku\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcreme oranlar\u0131 azal\u0131rken g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck v\u00fccutlu ku\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcreme oran\u0131 art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":109014,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[2212,2303,1591,11249,5458],"class_list":["post-109013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yasam","tag-goc","tag-iklim","tag-kus","tag-kuslarin","tag-ureme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=109013"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109013\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":109015,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109013\/revisions\/109015"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/109014"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=109013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=109013"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=109013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}