Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri (ABD) ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan \u00e7ip krizinde \u00c7in\u2019in \u00e7ip \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan ham maddelere ihracat k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 getirmesi ile iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eki\u015fme bir \u00fcst safhaya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyan\u0131n iki b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fc konumunda olan ABD ve \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki teknolojik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesi giderek art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Her iki \u00fclke, ekonomik ve jeopolitik \u00f6nemi nedeniyle siber g\u00fcvenlik, yapay zeka, yar\u0131 iletkenler, \u00e7ip ve dijital altyap\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok alanda birbirlerine \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u00fccadele veriyor.<\/p>\n
Hem ABD hem de \u00c7in, kendi teknolojik \u015firketleri ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bu m\u00fccadeleyi k\u00fcresel bir arenada s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
\u2018\u00c7\u0130N A\u00c7IK ARA \u00d6NDE\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n
Avustralyal\u0131 \u201cthink-tank\u201d kurulu\u015fu Avustralya Stratejik Politika Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (The Australian Strategic Policy Institute-ASPI) ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00c7in teknoloji alan\u0131nda ABD kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k ara \u00f6nde bulunuyor. \u00c7in, 44 teknoloji alan\u0131n\u0131n 37\u2019sinde liderli\u011fi elinde bulundururken ABD 7 alanda \u00c7in\u2019in \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel \u00e7ip sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki \u00fcreticilere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00c7in, en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcreticiler aras\u0131nda bulunmuyor. Ancak en b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00fcketici konumunda bulunan \u00c7in\u2019in ihtiyac\u0131 olan \u00e7ip \u00fcretimini ise ABD ve Do\u011fu Asya\u2019daki di\u011fer \u015firketler yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
ABD ve \u00c7in aras\u0131nda teknolojik rekabet giderek artan bir \u00f6neme sahip ve k\u00fcresel ekonomi ile g\u00fcvenlik \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck etkileri bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ip \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 75\u2019i Do\u011fu Asya\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Tayvan, G\u00fcney Kore ve Japonya \u00e7ip \u00fcretimi konusunda \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ancak \u00e7ipin \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan ve stratejik \u00f6neme sahip olan galyum ve germanyumun en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcretici ise \u00c7in olarak \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Avrupa end\u00fcstri derne\u011fi Critical Raw Materials Alliance\u2019a (CRMA) g\u00f6re d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki germanyumun yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7in \u00fcretiyor.<\/p>\n
\u2018AMER\u0130KA GER\u0130 D\u00d6ND\u00dc\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l 27-28 Temmuz tarihlerinde ABD Kongresi\u2019nden ge\u00e7en \u201c\u00c7ip ve Bilim Yasas\u0131\u201d, yerli \u00e7ip \u00fcretimini te\u015fvik etmek amac\u0131yla 280 milyar dolarl\u0131k te\u015fvik \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu. ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Joe Biden taraf\u0131ndan 9 A\u011fustos\u2019ta imzalanan anla\u015fma, yar\u0131 iletken sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc desteklemek i\u00e7in 52 milyar dolarl\u0131k do\u011frudan finansman sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Bu yasaya g\u00f6re, yurt i\u00e7inde \u00e7ip \u00fcretimi ve yeni in\u015fa edilen fabrikalara d\u00f6rt y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle y\u00fczde 25 vergi muafiyeti uygulanacak. Bu \u00f6nlemlerle, ABD\u2019nin yerli \u00e7ip \u00fcretimini art\u0131rmas\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel teknolojik rekabette daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir konuma gelmesi hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n
Uzmanlar, ayr\u0131ca \u00c7in\u2019in b\u00f6lgede Tayvan\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 politikalar ve olas\u0131 bir s\u0131cak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma durumunda ya\u015fanmas\u0131 muhtemel \u00e7ip krizinin \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in ABD\u2019nin \u00e7ip \u00fcretimini anakaras\u0131na \u00e7ekmek istedi\u011fini belirtiyor.<\/p>\n
\u201c\u00c7ip ve Bilim Yasas\u0131\u201dn\u0131n amac\u0131, bu tehlikeyi ortadan kald\u0131rarak, teknoloji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu kadar kritik \u00f6neme sahip bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcretimini daha g\u00fcvenli hale getirmek. Yasan\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 te\u015fvik ve finansmanlar, yerli \u00e7ip \u00fcreticilerini desteklemek ve ABD i\u00e7inde yeni \u00e7ip fabrikalar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131. Bu sayede ABD \u00e7ip \u00fcretimini \u00e7e\u015fitlendirecek ve yerelle\u015ftirerek, tedarik zincirindeki d\u0131\u015f ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 ve \u00e7ip \u00fcretiminin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Son olarak ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Joe Biden 6 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Twitter adresinden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u201cAmerika geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. D\u00fcnyaya liderlik edece\u011fiz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7ip ve Bilim Yasas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda konu\u015ftu\u011fumuz her \u015fey Amerika\u2019da \u00fcretilecek. Bu, iyi maa\u015fl\u0131 i\u015fler yaratacak. Biz yar\u0131 iletkenlerde ve bilgisayar \u00e7iplerinde d\u00fcnyaya liderlik ediyorduk. Bunu yeniden yapaca\u011f\u0131z.\u201d ifadelerini kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00c7\u0130N\u2019DEN \u0130HRACAT KISITLAMASI<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u00fcm bu geli\u015fmelerin ard\u0131ndan \u00c7in, \u00e7ip \u00fcretimini etkileyecek bir karar ald\u0131 ve \u00e7ip \u00fcretiminde \u00f6nemli ham maddeler olan galyum ve germanyuma ihracat k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 getirdi. \u00c7in\u2019in karar\u0131 gere\u011fi, galyum ve germanyum ihracat\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ilgili makamlardan onay al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n
K\u0131s\u0131tlama, 1 A\u011fustos itibar\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Uzmanlar \u00c7in\u2019in bu karar\u0131, di\u011fer devletlere bir uyar\u0131 olarak, k\u0131s\u0131tlamalara kar\u015f\u0131 kendilerinin de misilleme se\u00e7eneklerinin oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatmak i\u00e7in ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydetti.<\/p>\n
\u00c7\u0130P KR\u0130Z\u0130 \u00dcRET\u0130M\u0130N DURMASINA SEBEP OLUYOR<\/b><\/p>\n
Ev aletlerinden ara\u00e7 i\u00e7i elektronik sistemlere, savunma sanayisinden giyilebilir teknolojilere kadar her alanda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan ve yar\u0131 iletkenler olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00e7ipler k\u00fcresel anlamda krizlere neden olabiliyor. \u00c7ipler, elektronik cihazlar\u0131n temel unsurlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor ve \u201cbeyin\u201d olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Son d\u00f6nemdeki h\u0131zl\u0131 teknolojik ilerleme ve s\u00fcrekli yeni cihazlar\u0131n piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, \u00e7iplere olan talebi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rd\u0131. \u00d6zellikle ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer ak\u0131ll\u0131 cihazlar\u0131n pop\u00fclerli\u011finin artmas\u0131, \u00e7ip \u00fcreticilerini y\u00fcksek talepleri kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in zorlayan bir fakt\u00f6r oldu. Ya\u015fanan \u00e7ip krizi sebebiyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketlerinden biri olan Apple, iPhone 12 model telefonunun tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ip krizi sebebiyle belirli bir s\u00fcre ertelemek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (AA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c7ip \u00fcretiminde kritik bir \u00f6neme sahip olan germanyumun yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 60’\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcreten \u00c7in, ham madde ihracat\u0131na k\u0131s\u0131tlama getirdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":109554,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[11,793,1783,13148,13149],"class_list":["post-109553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-abd","tag-cin","tag-cip","tag-cip-uretimi","tag-teknolojik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109553","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=109553"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109553\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":109555,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109553\/revisions\/109555"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/109554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=109553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=109553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=109553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}