{"id":111708,"date":"2023-08-12T09:21:10","date_gmt":"2023-08-12T09:21:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=111708"},"modified":"2023-08-12T09:21:10","modified_gmt":"2023-08-12T09:21:10","slug":"rusya-47-yil-aradan-sonra-aydaki-rekabete-tekrar-katilmak-istiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=111708","title":{"rendered":"Rusya, 47 y\u0131l aradan sonra Ay\u2019daki rekabete tekrar kat\u0131lmak istiyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rusya Federal Uzay Ajans\u0131 (Roscosmos), d\u00fcn, Moskova’n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 bin 500 kilometre do\u011fusundaki Vosto\u00e7niy uzay \u00fcss\u00fcnden Luna-25 uzay arac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Soyuz 2.1v roketini uzaya f\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7en f\u0131rlatman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan u\u00e7u\u015f y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine giren Luna-25’in, 21 A\u011fustos’ta Ay’\u0131n g\u00fcney kutbuna ini\u015f yaparak yakla\u015f\u0131k bir y\u0131l s\u00fcrecek g\u00f6revine ba\u015flamas\u0131 planlan\u0131yor. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revleri aras\u0131nda Ay’da su kayna\u011f\u0131 bulmak olan Luna-25, bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra uzay \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ve elektromanyetik emisyonlar\u0131n ay y\u00fczeyindeki etkilerini inceleyecek.<\/p>\n

Roscosmos Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Yuriy Borisov, f\u0131rlatman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, Luna-25’in bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l ama\u00e7larla Ay’a g\u00f6nderildi\u011fini vurgulayarak, 2027, 2028 ve 2030’da da Ay’a uzay ara\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6ndermeyi planlad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in’le birlikte Ay’a y\u00f6nelik ortak projeler de y\u00fcr\u00fcteceklerine i\u015faret eden Borisov, \u201c\u00c7in\u2019den meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131zla bir sonraki a\u015famaya, yani insanl\u0131 bir g\u00f6reve ve bir Ay \u00fcss\u00fcn\u00fcn in\u015fas\u0131na ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d ifadesini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

ANA G\u00d6REV\u0130: SU KAYNA\u011eI KE\u015eFETMEK<\/b><\/p>\n

Rusya’n\u0131n 1976’dan bu yana Ay’a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi ilk uzay arac\u0131 Luna-25, ini\u015f platformu ve \u00fczerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7lerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki ana par\u00e7adan olu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n

Luna-25’te uzay \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ve elektromanyetik emisyonlar\u0131n incelenmesi i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 31 kilogram a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli bilimsel ekipmanlar yer al\u0131rken, topra\u011f\u0131 kazabilen ve \u00f6rnekler alabilen cihazlar da bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Ay’daki ilk kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f su ke\u015ffi, Hindistan Uzay Ajans\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 2008\u2019de Ay\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine oturtulan ilk Hint ara\u015ft\u0131rma uydusu Chandrayaan-1’den sa\u011flanan veriler sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Luna-25 de Ay’\u0131n g\u00fcney kutbunda hem insan ya\u015fam\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan hem de roket yak\u0131t\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilecek hidrojen ve oksijen bar\u0131nd\u0131ran su kayna\u011f\u0131 bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak.<\/p>\n

REKABET ARTIYOR<\/b><\/p>\n

Rusya’n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ABD, \u00c7in ve Hindistan da Ay’da ke\u015fif ve madencilikle ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na son y\u0131llarda h\u0131z verdi. ABD ve \u00c7in, 2026\u2019da Ay’a gezici ve sondaj ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ndermeyi planl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Son olarak Hindistan Uzay Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan 5 A\u011fustos’ta yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, Ay\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcney kutup b\u00f6lgesinde inceleme yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 14 Temmuz\u2019da uzaya g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi Chandrayaan-3 ke\u015fif arac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde yerle\u015fti\u011fi bildirilmi\u015fti. Hindistan, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Ay ke\u015fif misyonunu y\u00fcr\u00fctecek Chandrayaan-3\u2019\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 halinde ABD, eski Sovyetler Birli\u011fi ve \u00c7in\u2019den sonra Ay\u2019a yumu\u015fak ini\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren 4\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclke olacak.
Uzmanlar, Ay’\u0131n g\u00fcney kutbundaki suyun, gelecekteki Ay g\u00f6revleri veya Mars\u2019a giden roketler i\u00e7in yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131karmak amac\u0131yla kullanabilece\u011fini ve bundan dolay\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00fclkenin ilgisini \u00e7ekti\u011fini vurguluyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130LK AY MACERASI<\/b><\/p>\n

Rusya’n\u0131n Ay’a uzay arac\u0131 g\u00f6nderme maceras\u0131 ilk defa So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birli\u011fi (SSCB) ile ABD’nin 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda uzay yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 esnas\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ruslar, Amerikal\u0131lardan erken davranarak Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin Vostok insanl\u0131 uzay u\u00e7u\u015f program\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde uzaya ilk defa insan g\u00f6nderdi.<\/p>\n

12 Nisan 1961’de Sovyet Kozmonot Yuri Gagarin, uzaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Baykonur Uzay \u00dcss\u00fc\u2019nden f\u0131rlat\u0131lan Vostok uzay arac\u0131 D\u00fcnya y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde tam tur att\u0131. B\u00f6ylece insanl\u0131k tarihinin uzay \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu arada ABD, Ay’a insan indirmek i\u00e7in Apollo program\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirirken, SSCB de \u201cSovyet Ay Program\u0131n\u0131\u201d geli\u015ftirdi. SSCB, 1963’te ilk kad\u0131n kozmonot Valentina Tere\u015fkova’y\u0131 da uzaya g\u00f6nderdikten sonra ABD, Ay program\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131. Nihayet ABD, 20 Temmuz 1969’da Ay y\u00fczeyine insanl\u0131 ilk uzay u\u00e7u\u015funu yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0130L DENEME: LUNA-1<\/b><\/p>\n

Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, ilk Ay denemesini Luna-1 ile yapt\u0131. 2 Ocak 1959’da Baykonur \u00dcss\u00fc\u2019nden f\u0131rlat\u0131lan uzay arac\u0131, tarihte ilk defa Ay’\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131 ve g\u00fcne\u015f merkezli y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye yerle\u015fti. Ancak bir ar\u0131zadan dolay\u0131 ara\u00e7, Ay’\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l 12 Eyl\u00fcl’de f\u0131rlat\u0131lan Luna-2 uzay arac\u0131 ise tarihte \u201cAy’\u0131n y\u00fczeyine inen ilk insan yap\u0131m\u0131 nesne\u201d oldu.<\/p>\n

Yine ayn\u0131 y\u0131l 4 Ekim’de g\u00f6nderilen Luna-3, f\u0131rlatmadan \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra ilk defa Ay’\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesindeki e\u015f zamanl\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ften dolay\u0131 her zaman D\u00fcnya’dan uza\u011fa bakan yar\u0131mk\u00fcresinde bulunan \u201cAy’\u0131n uzak y\u00fcz\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini elde etti.<\/p>\n

Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin 31 Mart 1966’da f\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Luna-10 uzay arac\u0131 da \u201cAy’\u0131n ilk yapay uydusu\u201d \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yor. Ara\u00e7, Ay’\u0131n \u00e7evresini, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ve ters taraftaki y\u00fczeyin kimyasal bile\u015fimini ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in sabit bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye sokuldu. Luna-10, \u201cAy \u00e7evresinde ilk turunu atarak y\u00f6r\u00fcngeye giren ilk insan yap\u0131s\u0131 nesne\u201d oldu.<\/p>\n

Ay’\u0131n yapay uydusunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sayesinde bilim insanlar\u0131, Ay y\u00fczeyindeki kayalar\u0131n genel kimyasal bile\u015fimini ve t\u00fcrlerini \u00f6\u011frendi.<\/p>\n

AY\u2019A G\u0130D\u0130P D\u00dcNYA\u2019YA D\u00d6NEN \u0130LK ARA\u00c7: ZOND-5<\/b><\/p>\n

Zond-5 uzay arac\u0131, 15 Eyl\u00fcl 1968’de f\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131. Ay’\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde d\u00f6n\u00fcp D\u00fcnya’ya g\u00fcvenli \u015fekilde d\u00f6nen ilk uzay arac\u0131, Ay’a \u00e7\u0131karken g\u00fcvertesinde canl\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131yla da tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

Uzay arac\u0131, 21 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de atmosfere girdi ve Hint Okyanusu\u2019na indi.<\/p>\n

Luna-17 i\u00e7in 19 \u015eubat 1969’da yap\u0131lan ilk f\u0131rlatma denemesi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu ve arac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan roket u\u00e7u\u015funun 52. saniyesinde patlad\u0131. \u0130kinci deneme, 10 Kas\u0131m 1970’de yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve Ay’\u0131n y\u00fczeyine ini\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Bu s\u0131rada 16 Temmuz 1969’da ABD, \u201cAy’a ilk insan ini\u015fini\u201d ba\u015fard\u0131.
Luna-17, d\u00fcnyadan kontrol edilen ilk otomatik kendinden tahrikli laboratuvara sahipti.<\/p>\n

Ruslar, bir \u00f6nceki Ay’a y\u00f6nelik uzay arac\u0131n\u0131 9 A\u011fustos 1976’da f\u0131rlatt\u0131. Luna-24 uzay arac\u0131, Ay’\u0131n y\u00fczeyine indikten sonra 2 metrelik derinlikten sondaj ile toprak elde etti.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk defa su izlerinin bulundu\u011fu 170 gram toprak ile ara\u00e7, D\u00fcnya’ya geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Ancak bilim insanlar\u0131, bu suyun Ay suyu oldu\u011funu kesinle\u015ftiremedi. Luna-24, SSCB’nin son Ay g\u00f6revi oldu. (AA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusya, 1976\u2019dan bu yana ilk defa Ay\u2019a uzay arac\u0131 g\u00f6ndererek uzay yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tekrar avantaj sa\u011flamak istiyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":111709,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[13299,500,6920,212,13298],"class_list":["post-111708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-aya","tag-insan","tag-sovyet","tag-uzay","tag-uzay-araci"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=111708"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111708\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":111710,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111708\/revisions\/111710"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/111709"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=111708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=111708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=111708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}