{"id":29291,"date":"2022-08-23T02:36:06","date_gmt":"2022-08-23T02:36:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=29291"},"modified":"2022-08-23T02:36:06","modified_gmt":"2022-08-23T02:36:06","slug":"hatti-mudafaa-yoktur-sathi-mudafaa-vardir-o-satih-butun-vatandir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=29291","title":{"rendered":"Hatt\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa yoktur sath\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa vard\u0131r o sat\u0131h b\u00fct\u00fcn vatand\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"

101 y\u0131l \u00f6nce verilen o emir, bir \u00fclkenin ve halk\u0131n\u0131n kaderini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. 22 g\u00fcn 22 gece s\u00fcren ve zaferle sonu\u00e7lanan Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi tarihe \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00fcn zaferi\u201d olarak ge\u00e7ti. Mustafa Kemal\u2019in \u00f6nderli\u011finde Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n zaferle sonu\u00e7lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fcjdecisi oldu.<\/b><\/p>\n

Anadolu’nun d\u00fc\u015fman i\u015fgalinde oldu\u011fu \u0130stiklal Harbi s\u00fcrecinde, T\u00fcrk Ordusu Eski\u015fehir Muharebesi sonras\u0131 100 kilometrelik sahay\u0131 terk ederek Sakarya Nehri’nin do\u011fusuna \u00e7ekildi. Bu \u00e7ekilmenin ard\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgeye Yunan g\u00fc\u00e7leri yerle\u015fti. Halk umutsuzlu\u011fa kap\u0131l\u0131rken, harekete ge\u00e7en Meclis, T\u00fcrk milletinin kaderini belirleyecek sava\u015fta Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fc 5 A\u011fustos 1921’de \u201cT\u00fcrk Ordular\u0131 Ba\u015fkomutan\u0131\u201d olarak g\u00f6revlendirdi. Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi \u00f6ncesi ordunun ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla, kanunla kendisine verilen yetkiyi kullanan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, t\u00fcm halk\u0131 fedakarl\u0131\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rarak, \u201cTekalif-i Milliye Emirlerini\u201d \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. B\u00f6ylece, kaynaklar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Sakarya Cephesi’ne aktar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan Atat\u00fcrk, 12 A\u011fustos 1921’de Bat\u0131 Cephesi’ne giderek, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n muhtemel hareketlerine y\u00f6nelik stratejileri de belirledi. 13 A\u011fustos’ta ileri sald\u0131r\u0131ya ba\u015flayan Yunan kuvvetleri, 23 A\u011fustos’tan itibaren a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezi Sakarya mevziinin g\u00fcney kanad\u0131 olmak \u00fczere taarruza ge\u00e7ti. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 kilometrelik cephede ba\u015flayan, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f, tarihin \u00f6nemli meydan muharebeleri aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

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Top\u00e7u bataryalar\u0131 Yunan mevzilerine mermi ya\u011fd\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

CEPHE S\u0130STEM\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130\u015eT\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn kuvvet ve silahlarla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 taarruz, Sakarya mevziinde zaman zaman \u00e7ekilmelere yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, ku\u015fatmay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in manevralar yapan T\u00fcrk Ordusu b\u00fcy\u00fck kay\u0131plar verdi. Yunan ordusunun, T\u00fcrk savunma hatlar\u0131n\u0131 zaman zaman k\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir ortamda Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, 26 A\u011fustos’ta \u00e7izgiye ba\u011fl\u0131 cephe sistemini de\u011fi\u015ftiren o tarihi emrini verdi:\u00a0\u201cHatt\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa yoktur, sath\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa vard\u0131r. O sat\u0131h b\u00fct\u00fcn vatand\u0131r.\u00a0Vatan\u0131n her kar\u0131\u015f topra\u011f\u0131 vatanda\u015f\u0131n kan\u0131 ile \u0131slanmad\u0131k\u00e7a terk olunamaz.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal askeri dehas\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m uygulad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u00c7EL\u0130KTEN B\u0130R KALE G\u0130B\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkomutan\u0131n bu emrini alan T\u00fcrk ordusu ile Yunan ordusu aras\u0131nda takip eden g\u00fcnlerde \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fiddetiyle s\u00fcrd\u00fc. T\u00fcrk ordusunun \u201c\u00e7elikten bir kale\u201d gibi d\u00fc\u015fman kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, Mehmet\u00e7ik \u015fehit oldu ancak vatan savunmas\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmad\u0131. 23-30 A\u011fustos’taki yo\u011fun sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na ra\u011fmen b\u00f6lgeyi ku\u015fatamayan Yunan birlikleri, bu sefer \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 Haymana istikametinden denemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu taarruzda da ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamay\u0131nca, bulundu\u011fu hatlar\u0131 savunarak buralarda kalmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Yunan kuvvetleri, T\u00fcrk ordusunun 10 Eyl\u00fcl’de ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 genel kar\u015f\u0131 taarruz ile a\u011f\u0131r bir hezimete u\u011frad\u0131. 22 g\u00fcn 22 gece devam eden Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi, 13 Eyl\u00fcl 1921’de, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n Sakarya Nehri’nin do\u011fusunda tamamen yok edilmesiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

S\u00fcvari birlikleri canlar\u0131 u\u011fruna d\u00fc\u015fmanla m\u00fccadele etti.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

KURTULU\u015eA G\u0130DEN YOL<\/strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarihin ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren bu zafer, T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n esarete izin vermeyece\u011fini bir kez daha d\u00fcnyaya ilan etti. Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n zaferle sonu\u00e7lanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fcjdecisi oldu. Halk\u0131n zafere olan inanc\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lenirken, Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n siyasi ve askeri \u00f6nderli\u011fi, dehas\u0131 kesinle\u015fti. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131 \u00fczerine 19 Eyl\u00fcl 1921 g\u00fcn\u00fc TBMM taraf\u0131ndan, Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’ya gazilik ve mare\u015fallik unvan\u0131 verildi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Millet cephedeki askerlere silah yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in canla ba\u015fla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Zaferin siyasi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da oldu. \u0130talyanlar Anadolu topraklar\u0131n\u0131 tamamen bo\u015faltt\u0131, Rusya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile Kafkas cumhuriyetleriyle ile Kars Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanarak do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 belirlendi, \u0130ngiltere ile esir m\u00fcbadelesi anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanarak\u00a0 Malta’daki T\u00fcrk esirler serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131, Fransa ile Ankara Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

ATAT\u00dcRK B\u00dcY\u00dcK ZAFER\u0130 ANLATIYOR<\/b><\/p>\n

12 A\u011fustos 1921 g\u00fcn\u00fc, Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Fevzi Pa\u015fa Hazretleriyle birlikte Polatl\u0131’ya cephe kararg\u00e2h\u0131na gittim. D\u00fc\u015fman ordusunun cephemize y\u00fcklenerek sol kanad\u0131m\u0131zdan ku\u015fataca\u011f\u0131 yarg\u0131s\u0131na varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe dayanarak tam bir cesaretle gerekli tedbirleri ald\u0131rd\u0131m ve yap\u0131lacak haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 yapt\u0131rd\u0131m.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fman ordusu, 23 A\u011fustos 1921\u2032de ciddi olarak cephemize do\u011fru ilerlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve taarruza ge\u00e7ti. Bir\u00e7ok kanl\u0131, bunal\u0131ml\u0131 safhalar ve dalgalar oldu. D\u00fc\u015fman ordusunun \u00fcst\u00fcn gruplar\u0131, savunma hatt\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bir\u00e7ok par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rd\u0131lar. (\u2026) Meydan muharebesi y\u00fcz kilometrelik cephe \u00fczerinde oluyordu. Sol kanad\u0131m\u0131z, Ankara’n\u0131n elli kilometre g\u00fcneyine kadar \u00e7ekilmi\u015fti. Ordumuzun y\u00f6n\u00fc bat\u0131ya iken g\u00fcneye d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Arkas\u0131 Ankara’ya iken kuzeye \u00e7evrildi. Cephenin y\u00f6n\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu. (\u2026)<\/p>\n

Savunma hatt\u0131na \u00e7ok \u00fcmit ba\u011flamak ve onun k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla, ordunun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde \u00e7ok gerilere \u00e7ekilmek gerekti\u011fi teorisini \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmek i\u00e7in memleket savunmas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc ifade etmeyi ve bu ifademde direnerek \u015fiddet g\u00f6stermeyi yararl\u0131 ve etkili buldum. Dedim ki: \u201cSavunma hatt\u0131 yoktur, savunma sath\u0131 vard\u0131r. O sat\u0131h b\u00fct\u00fcn vatand\u0131r (Hatt-\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa yoktur, sath-\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa vard\u0131r. O sat\u0131h b\u00fct\u00fcn vatand\u0131r). Vatan\u0131n her kar\u0131\u015f topra\u011f\u0131 vatanda\u015f\u0131n kan\u0131yla \u0131slanmad\u0131k\u00e7a terk olunamaz. Onun i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck her birlik bulundu\u011fu mevziden at\u0131labilir. Fakat k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck her birlik, ilk durabildi\u011fi noktada yeniden d\u00fc\u015fmana cephe kurup sava\u015fa devam eder. Yan\u0131ndaki birli\u011fin \u00e7ekilmeye mecbur oldu\u011funu g\u00f6ren birlikler ona t\u00e2bi olamaz. Bulundu\u011fu mevzide sonuna kadar dayanmaya ve kar\u015f\u0131 koymaya mecburdur.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte ordumuzun her ferdi, bu sistem i\u00e7inde her ad\u0131mda en b\u00fcy\u00fck fedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stererek ve d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn kuvvetlerini y\u0131prat\u0131p yok ederek, sonunda onu, taarruzuna devam g\u00fc\u00e7 ve kudretinden yoksun bir duruma getirdi. Muharebe durumunun bu safhas\u0131n\u0131 sezer sezmez hemen \u00f6zellikle sa\u011f kanad\u0131m\u0131zla Sakarya \u0131rma\u011f\u0131 do\u011fusunda d\u00fc\u015fman ordusunun sol kanad\u0131na ve daha sonra cephenin \u00f6nemli yerlerinde kar\u015f\u0131 taarruza ge\u00e7tik. Yunan ordusu yenildi ve geri \u00e7ekilmeye mecbur oldu. 13 Eyl\u00fcl 1921 g\u00fcn\u00fc Sakarya \u0131rma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fusunda d\u00fc\u015fman ordusundan eser kalmad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

101 y\u0131l \u00f6nce verilen o emir, bir \u00fclkenin ve halk\u0131n\u0131n kaderini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. 22 g\u00fcn 22 gece s\u00fcren ve zaferle sonu\u00e7lanan Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29292,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[6325,5453,82,6326,1270],"class_list":["post-29291","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","tag-cephe","tag-dusman","tag-gun","tag-ordusu","tag-sakarya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29291","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29291"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29291\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29293,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29291\/revisions\/29293"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29291"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29291"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}