{"id":39071,"date":"2022-10-17T08:36:05","date_gmt":"2022-10-17T08:36:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=39071"},"modified":"2022-10-17T08:36:05","modified_gmt":"2022-10-17T08:36:05","slug":"alanya-kalesinde-buyuk-kesif-sert-dalgalarla-ortaya-cikti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=39071","title":{"rendered":"Alanya Kalesi\u2019nde b\u00fcy\u00fck ke\u015fif! Sert dalgalarla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Helenistik d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan ve 1221’de kenti fetheden Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n yeniden in\u015fa etti\u011fi Alanya Kalesi’nde, sert ge\u00e7en hava ve olu\u015fturdu\u011fu dalgalar ilgin\u00e7 bir ke\u015ffe yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Prof. Dr. Osman Erav\u015far, “Bu sene \u015fiddetli bir k\u0131\u015f ge\u00e7irdik ve dalgalar \u015fansl\u0131 bir veriyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. K\u0131z\u0131lkule’nin \u00f6n\u00fcnde yosunlar ve kumullar\u0131n alt\u0131nda olan Roma d\u00f6nemine ait bir tersane, gemi \u00e7ekek yerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131ld\u0131” dedi.<\/b><\/p>\n

Antalya\u2019n\u0131n Alanya il\u00e7esinde denizden yakla\u015f\u0131k 250 metre kadar y\u00fckselen yar\u0131mada \u00fczerindeki, 6,5 kilometreyi bulan surlar\u0131, 83 kule ve 140 bur\u00e7 ile Sel\u00e7uklu eserleri K\u0131z\u0131lkule, Tophane Burcu ve Tersanesi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, Helenistik d\u00f6nemden Roma, Bizans, Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 medeniyetlerine ev sahipli\u011fi yapan kentin simge tarihi eserlerinden Alanya Kalesi\u2019nde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli 2 tarihi ke\u015fif yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

BU KAZI SEZONU SONA ER\u0130YOR<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alanya Kalesi Kaz\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131, Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nden Prof. Dr. Osman Erav\u015far, 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 kaz\u0131 sezonunun sona ermek \u00fczere oldu\u011funu belirterek, bu sene a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 arasta b\u00f6lgesi ve deniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131-liman taraf\u0131 ile k\u0131sa olarak da \u0130\u00e7kale\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda arastalarda daha \u00f6nce Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine tarihledikleri ve bir y\u00fczy\u0131l sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan depremle tahrip olan arastada \u00f6zg\u00fcn plan \u015femas\u0131na ait verileri elde ettiklerini belirten Prof. Dr. Erav\u015far, \u201cRestorasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na haz\u0131r hale geldi\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

DEN\u0130Z KENARINDA \u0130LG\u0130N\u00c7 KE\u015e\u0130F<\/strong><\/p>\n

Deniz kenar\u0131nda \u2018\u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 bir ke\u015fif\u2019 oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayan Prof. Dr. Osman Erav\u015far, \u201cAlanya Liman\u0131, Sel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6nemi karakteriyle \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor, bir de Sel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6neminin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fan iki tersanesinden biri burada yer al\u0131yor. Alaeddin Keykubad d\u00f6neminde 1231 y\u0131l\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir tersane ve deniz taraf\u0131nda liman\u0131 koruyan iki tane de kule mevcut. Bu kulelerden biri K\u0131z\u0131lkule, di\u011feri de Tophane Burcu olarak biliniyor\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u015eehrin tarih\u00e7esine bakt\u0131klar\u0131nda ise Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde \u00f6zellikle korsanlara kar\u015f\u0131 verilen m\u00fccadele sonras\u0131 Roma\u2019n\u0131n ileri bir garnizonu oldu\u011funu bildiklerini anlatan Prof. Dr. Erav\u015far, \u201cYine tarihi d\u00f6nemlerde, Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Alanya\u2019y\u0131 \u00f6nemli k\u0131lan unsurda, \u00f6zellikle Alanya\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evresindeki da\u011flarda bulunan sedir a\u011fac\u0131. Sedir a\u011fac\u0131, gemi yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in son derece \u00f6nemli ve gerekli. Bu sebeple olsa gerek ki Alaeddin Keykubad, buraya o b\u00fcy\u00fck muhte\u015fem tersaneyi in\u015fa ettiriyor, gemi yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in elveri\u015fli malzeme oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

YOSUN VE KUMULLARIN ALTINDAN \u00c7IKTI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elveri\u015fli malzeme sedir a\u011fac\u0131, tersaneyle ilgili durumun Roma d\u00f6neminde de olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, ancak bug\u00fcne kadar yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda herhangi bir izle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan Prof. Dr. Erav\u015far, ke\u015ffi \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cBu sene \u015fiddetli bir k\u0131\u015f ge\u00e7irdik ve dalgalar \u015fansl\u0131 bir veriyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. K\u0131z\u0131lkule\u2019nin \u00f6n\u00fcnde son y\u0131llara kadar tamamen yosunlar ve kumullar\u0131n alt\u0131nda olan bir tersanenin, gemi \u00e7ekek yerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131ld\u0131.\u201d<\/p>\n

SULAR Y\u00dcKSEL\u0130NCE DEN\u0130ZDE KALMI\u015e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n, kaz\u0131 ekibindeki A\u00dc Sualt\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcr Varl\u0131klar\u0131 Koruma B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Do\u00e7. Dr. Hakan \u00d6niz ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki ekip taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirten Prof. Dr. Erav\u015far, \u201cTabi burada \u00f6nemli bir veri, bug\u00fcn su alt\u0131nda bu tersane, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir gemi yap\u0131m yeri ama b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, \u00f6l\u00e7ek bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Sel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6nemine ait Alanya Tersanesi ile hemen ayn\u0131 boyutlarda. Yani, Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u2019da Akdeniz\u2019in sular\u0131 y\u00fckselmi\u015f ve bu sular\u0131n y\u00fckselmesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da Roma d\u00f6nemine ait tersane deniz suyunun alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f. Binan\u0131n oldu\u011fu kesimde, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131p, boyutlar\u0131n\u0131, mimarisini tespit etmek istiyoruz. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli bir ke\u015fif olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

2-3 METRE DER\u0130NL\u0130KTE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Su alt\u0131ndaki Roma d\u00f6nemine ait tersanenin, denizde derinlik olarak 2 metreden 3 metreye kadar de\u011fi\u015fen e\u011fimli bir y\u00fczeyde oldu\u011funu ifade eden Prof. Dr. Erav\u015far, Roma d\u00f6nemindeki olay\u0131 ise \u015f\u00f6yle anlatt\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cRomal\u0131 general Gnaeus Pompeius, korsanlara kar\u015f\u0131 bir sefer d\u00fczenliyor ve Alanya \u00f6nlerinde korsanlar\u0131 yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131yor. Yine Roma tarihinden \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimize g\u00f6re, korsanlar kaleye \u00e7ekiliyor, sonra Romal\u0131lar kaleyi ele ge\u00e7iriyor.<\/p>\n

Bu tarihten sonra yakla\u015f\u0131k 1\u2019inci y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131 2\u2019nci y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Roma, Alanya ve \u00e7evresini ileri bir garnizon gibi kullan\u0131yor, bu b\u00f6lgedeki korsan hakimiyetini k\u0131rmak i\u00e7in. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla o d\u00f6nemde bug\u00fcn su alt\u0131nda olan tersanemiz veya gemi \u00e7ekek yerimiz yakla\u015f\u0131k 2-3 metre de\u011fi\u015fiyor derinlik ve e\u011fimli bir y\u00fczeyde.<\/p>\n

Yani k\u0131y\u0131dan, denizden 10 metre kadar daha ileride olmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bu da \u015funu g\u00f6steriyor, demek ki Akdeniz\u2019de bir su y\u00fckselmesi var. Bunu biz ba\u015fka yerlerde de g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u00d6rne\u011fin Ka\u015f, Demre ve di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde de var.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Orta \u00c7a\u011flara gelindi\u011finde su y\u00fckselmesi sonucu, bu gemi \u00e7ekek yeri denizin i\u00e7erisinde kalm\u0131\u015f ve liman daha i\u00e7eride oldu\u011fundan savunma mimarisi yap\u0131lar\u0131 da ona g\u00f6re \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

KIZILKULE \u00d6N\u00dcNDE \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 S\u00dcRPR\u0130Z<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu y\u0131lki di\u011fer \u00f6nemli bulgunun ise asl\u0131nda bug\u00fcne kadar ortada olan bir \u015feyin yeniden ke\u015ffedildi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Prof. Dr. Erav\u015far, Alanya\u2019n\u0131n 1221\u2019de Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n fethi sonras\u0131 Keykubad\u2019\u0131n bir imar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek,\u00a0\u201cSurlar\u0131 onart\u0131yor ve yeni b\u00f6l\u00fcmler in\u015fa ediyor. En \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ise limanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor. Liman\u0131 koruma alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in K\u0131z\u0131lkule olarak literat\u00fcre ge\u00e7en sekizgen yap\u0131 ve di\u011fer taraf\u0131nda da Tophane Burcu olarak bildi\u011fimiz kale planl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck kuleler in\u015fa ediliyor. Ancak bu kuleler olmadan \u00f6nce de burada bir liman var ve bu liman\u0131 koruyan, bir sistem oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Bunun ne oldu\u011fu yap\u0131lan inceleme sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

HA\u00c7LILARIN CAPONIER M\u0130MAR\u0130 UNSURU<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131z\u0131lkule\u2019nin \u00f6n taraf\u0131nda denize do\u011fru y\u00f6nelen tonozlu bir galeri oldu\u011funu kaydeden Prof. Dr. Erav\u015far, \u201cBu galerinin denizin her iki taraf\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren mazgal a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 var. Bu mazgal a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klardan, bunun asl\u0131nda Orta \u00c7a\u011f askeri mimarisinde \u00f6zellikle Ha\u00e7l\u0131 kaleleri ve Avrupa\u2019daki kalelerde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fimiz, maalesef T\u00fcrk\u00e7e terminolojisi yok, \u2018caponier\u2019 olarak konumlanan bir mimari unsur oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu yap\u0131, mekan\u0131n Orta \u00c7a\u011f kalelerinde \u00f6zellikle iki katl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ama erken \u00f6rnekleri de olmal\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130\u015fte erken \u00f6rne\u011fi, Alanya Kalesi\u2019nde tek katl\u0131 olarak in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan da Alanya surlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcnik y\u00f6nlerinden birini olu\u015fturuyor\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

ANADOLU\u2019DAK\u0130 TEK \u00d6RNE\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu mimarinin bug\u00fcn Anadolu\u2019da bir ba\u015fka kalede benzerini g\u00f6rmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eden Prof. Dr. Er\u015fav\u015far, \u201cAnadolu i\u00e7in \u00fcnik, tek olan \u00f6rnek, bug\u00fcn Alanya Kalesi surlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yer al\u0131yor. Alanya Kalesi, UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras Listesi\u2019ne de aday bir yerle\u015fme, tarihi yar\u0131mada. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede \u00fcniklik de\u011ferlere bak\u0131l\u0131yor. Alanya\u2019n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fcniklik y\u00f6n\u00fc var, bunlardan bir tanesi de bu savunma mimarisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olacak. \u00d6zellikle bu mimarilerin ender \u00f6rneklerinden birisine sahip olmas\u0131, onu UNESCO D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde hak etti\u011fi yere getirecektir diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131. (DHA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Helenistik d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan ve 1221’de kenti fetheden Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n yeniden in\u015fa etti\u011fi Alanya Kalesi’nde, sert ge\u00e7en hava ve olu\u015fturdu\u011fu dalgalar …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39072,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[2625,527,560,2557,669],"class_list":["post-39071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-alanya","tag-deniz","tag-roma","tag-tersane","tag-yapi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39071","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39071"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39071\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39073,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39071\/revisions\/39073"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/39072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}