Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle ilgili Anayasa tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcrerken, Anayasa Mahkemesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Z\u00fcht\u00fc Arslan’dan ilgin\u00e7 bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f geldi. Arslan 2014 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki ‘Tu\u011fba Arslan karar\u0131’n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/b><\/p>\n
Anayasa Mahkemesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Z\u00fcht\u00fc Arslan, Rize\u2019de, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde (RTE\u00dc) d\u00fczenlenen \u2018Anayasa Mahkemesinin Temel Haklar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131ndaki Rol\u00fc\u2019 konulu panele kat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
10 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc meselesi oldu\u011funu belirten Z\u00fcht\u00fc Arslan, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n
\u2013 \u00dcniversitelerde ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle e\u011fitim \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6rmek yasakt\u0131 ve maalesef Anayasa Mahkemesi, kararlar\u0131yla bu yasay\u0131 tahkim edici ve me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir i\u015flev g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1989\u2019dan itibaren ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6nce ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc serbest b\u0131rakmaya y\u00f6nelik bir kanun d\u00fczenleme laikli\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle iptal edilmi\u015fti. Daha sonra bir yorumlu retle bu yasak tahkim edilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
LA\u0130KL\u0130K, TEMEL HAK VE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dcKLER\u0130N KAR\u015eISINDA KONUMLANDIRILDI<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2013 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc serbest b\u0131rakmaya y\u00f6nelik bir anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi yine Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan iptal edilmi\u015fti. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi ideoloji eksenli bir yorumla yap\u0131lan laiklik ilkesiydi. Yani Anayasa Mahkemesi laikli\u011fi, temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin asl\u0131nda tam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda konumland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda laikli\u011fin y\u0131prat\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n \u2013 Hatta ifade \u015f\u00f6yleydi; \u2018Laiklik ilkesi, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere k\u0131yd\u0131r\u0131lamayacak kadar de\u011ferli bir ilkedir.\u2019 Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz laiklik, anayasam\u0131z\u0131n kimli\u011fini olu\u015fturan temel ilkelerden biridir ama bu yakla\u015f\u0131m yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r de\u011ferli gen\u00e7ler\u2026<\/p>\n Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir \u2018Tu\u011fba Arslan karar\u0131\u2019\u00a0verdi\u011fini hat\u0131rlatan Arslan, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n \u2013 Laiklik daha sonra Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yorumlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, hak eksenli yorumla bu kavram\u0131, bu ilkeyi Anayasa Mahkemesi yorumlad\u0131 ve dedi ki: \u201cLaiklik, temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011fildir, yan\u0131ndad\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir gerek\u00e7e de\u011fildir, tam tersine g\u00fcvenceye alan, onu koruyan bir ilkedir.\u201d<\/p>\n KURAN VE S\u0130YER KARARI<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2013 Peki bunu nas\u0131l yapt\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesi? 2012\u2019den ba\u015flayarak yapt\u0131. \u00d6nce Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim ve siyer derslerini okullarda se\u00e7meli ders olarak okutulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren kanun de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini denetledi ve bunun anayasaya uygun oldu\u011funa karar verdi. Ve ilk kez bu kararda Anayasa Mahkemesi, laiklik ilkesinin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc yorumunu, hak eksenli yorumunu yapt\u0131. \u201cLaikli\u011fin \u00f6zellikle din ve vicdan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, din e\u011fitiminin \u00f6\u011fretiminin bir g\u00fcvencesi\u201d oldu\u011funu ifade etti.<\/p>\n \u2013 Norm denetimindeki bu yakla\u015f\u0131m bir s\u00fcre sonra bireysel ba\u015fvuruya yans\u0131d\u0131. 2014\u2019te \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir karar verdi, \u2018Tu\u011fba Arslan\u2019 karar\u0131. Bana g\u00f6re sadece T\u00fcrkiye anayasa yarg\u0131s\u0131 tarihinin de\u011fil, d\u00fcnya anayasa yarg\u0131s\u0131 tarihinin en \u00f6nemli kararlar\u0131ndan birisidir.<\/p>\n \u2013 11 Aral\u0131k 2013 g\u00fcn\u00fc Ankara\u2019da bir bo\u015fanma davas\u0131nda ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc bir avukat duru\u015fma salonuna giriyor. Hakim diyor ki \u201cBu \u015fekilde siz avukatl\u0131k yapamazs\u0131n\u0131z. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc A\u0130HM kararlar\u0131 var, Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131 var. Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn laiklik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair kararlar varken siz burada ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle bulunamazs\u0131n\u0131z, avukatl\u0131k yapamazs\u0131n\u0131z.\u201d<\/p>\n \u2013 M\u00fcvekkile de \u201cGelecek celseye kadar kendine yeni avukat bul\u201d diyor ve duru\u015fma salonundan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131yor. Bu avukat Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nde bireysel ba\u015fvuru yoluyla geliyor ve Anayasa Mahkemesi orada \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir karar veriyor.<\/p>\n \u2013 Diyor ki: \u201cLaiklik temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin g\u00fcvencelerinden biridir, din ve vicdan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin bir g\u00fcvencesidir. Belki de temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 rejiminde en \u00f6nemli hususlardan biri, temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilir. Ne \u00fcniversitelerde, ne duru\u015fma salonunda, ne kamu kurumlar\u0131nda ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc bulunamayaca\u011f\u0131na dair herhangi bir kanun yoktur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla burada bir ihlal vard\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n SADECE BA\u015e\u00d6RT\u00dcS\u00dc DE\u011e\u0130L<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2013 Bu kararla birlikte Anayasa Mahkemesi hem laikli\u011fe ili\u015fkin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bireysel ba\u015fvuru zemininde radikal bir \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f oluyor hem de bireysel ba\u015fvuruda ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle ilgili \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 say\u0131labilecek bir karar verdi. Bu karar\u0131 daha sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7te ba\u015fka kararlar takip etti. Mesela bir \u00fcniversitede \u00f6\u011frencinin ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 at\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvuruda Anayasa Mahkemesi ayn\u0131 tespitleri yaparak ihlal sonucuna ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n \u2013 Anayasa Mahkemesi, sadece ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc konusunda de\u011fil \u00f6zellikle son 10 y\u0131lda benimsedi\u011fi bu hak eksenli yakla\u015f\u0131mla, ya\u015fama hakk\u0131ndan ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kadar, adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kadar, \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131ndan m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn anayasal hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerle ilgili, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri g\u00fcvenceye alan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli kararlar verdi ve vermeye devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n \u2013 Buradan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Anayasa Mahkemesi, anayasan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilkesini hayata ge\u00e7iren, varl\u0131k nedeni olan temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri koruyan bir mahkeme olarak yoluna devam etmektedir. (DHA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle ilgili Anayasa tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcrerken, Anayasa Mahkemesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Z\u00fcht\u00fc Arslan’dan ilgin\u00e7 bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f geldi. Arslan 2014 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":47587,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[7593,7769,170,580,993],"class_list":["post-47586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","tag-anayasa-mahkemesi","tag-basortusu","tag-hak","tag-karar","tag-laiklik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=47586"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47588,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47586\/revisions\/47588"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/47587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=47586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=47586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=47586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}