Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hala devam etti\u011fini belirten Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve Politikalar\u0131 Uygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi Y\u00f6netim Kurulu \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Murat T\u00fcrke\u015f, hububat rekoltesinin olumsuz etkilenece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/b><\/p>\n
Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve Politikalar\u0131 Uygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi Y\u00f6netim Kurulu \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Murat T\u00fcrke\u015f, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hala devam etti\u011fini belirterek, sonbaharda ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131k nedeniyle hububat ekiminde sorun ya\u015fanabilece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kurakl\u0131k verilerini yorumlayan T\u00fcrke\u015f, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki kurakl\u0131klar\u0131n en etkilisinin 2007 ve 2008\u2019de ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde ciddi bir rekolte kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131msatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u201cYa\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n az olmas\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak buharla\u015fmayla tetiklenen ve etkili olan uzun s\u00fcreli kurakl\u0131klar, yani tar\u0131msal ve hidrolojik kurakl\u0131klar ya\u015fand\u201d diyen T\u00fcrke\u015f, \u201cPek \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bize g\u00f6steriyor ki, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkisiyle gelecekte kurakl\u0131klar\u0131n \u015fiddeti, s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artacak. Art\u0131k her yaz, \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak hava dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, s\u00fcresinin, \u015fiddetinin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften daha kuvvetli olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
BU\u011eDAYDA ETK\u0130L\u0130 OLDU<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu y\u0131l\u0131n rahat ge\u00e7ti\u011fini ancak 2021\u2019de genel olarak tah\u0131llarda, \u00f6zellikle bu\u011fdayda rekolte kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olan kurakl\u0131klar ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan T\u00fcrke\u015f, Meteoroloji Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya\u011f\u0131\u015f indisi (SPI) haritalar\u0131n\u0131 kaynak g\u00f6stererek, \u015fu de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulundu:<\/p>\n
\u201cBu haritalarda son 3 ayl\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f analizine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde meteorolojik kurakl\u0131k etkili.<\/p>\n
6 ayl\u0131k analize bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda Akdeniz ya\u011f\u0131\u015f rejiminin egemen oldu\u011fu Ege, Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu\u2019nun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Konya Havzas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u015fiddetli; Do\u011fu Akdeniz ile Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun bat\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kurakl\u0131klar tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n
Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle 2019 sonunda ba\u015flayan, 2020\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, 2021\u2019de \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu, Do\u011fu Anadolu ile Akdeniz\u2019de etkili olan kurakl\u0131k, 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k hesaplamalarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kuzeyi ve Bat\u0131 Karadeniz b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00fclkemizin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde hala devam ediyor.\u201d<\/p>\n
KURAKLIK NASIL OLU\u015eUR?<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u00fcrke\u015f, kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131n normal d\u00fczeyin alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, arazi kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fcretim sistemlerini olumsuz bi\u00e7imde etkileyen, ciddi hidrolojik dengesizliklere yol a\u00e7an ve genel olarak \u015fiddet ya da b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, s\u0131kl\u0131k ile s\u00fcre ve co\u011frafi yay\u0131l\u0131\u015f bile\u015fenleriyle ele al\u0131nan \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu bir do\u011fa olay\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Kurakl\u0131k t\u00fcrleriyle ilgili bilgi veren T\u00fcrke\u015f, \u015fu bilgileri payla\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n
\u201cMeteorolojik kurakl\u0131k, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f toplamlar\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir zaman d\u00f6neminin uzun s\u00fcreli ortalamalar\u0131ndan, ortancas\u0131ndan ya da normalinden sapma olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r ve bu tan\u0131mlama genellikle b\u00f6lgeseldir.<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131msal kurakl\u0131k, bitki k\u00f6k zonundaki toprak neminin ya da yaray\u0131\u015fl\u0131 suyun, bitkinin b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durum \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlanabilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fcme d\u00f6nemi boyunca, bitkinin suya en duyarl\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde toprakta yeterli nemin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u015fulda tar\u0131msal kurakl\u0131k olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
Hidrolojik kurakl\u0131k ise uzun s\u00fcreli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f eksikli\u011fi sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, y\u00fczey ve yeralt\u0131 su varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki azalma olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Sosyoekonomik kurakl\u0131k ise meteorolojik, tar\u0131msal ve hidrolojik kurakl\u0131klar\u0131n \u015fiddeti ve s\u00fcresi artt\u0131k\u00e7a, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu durumdur.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u2018T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DEK\u0130 TARIMSAL VE H\u0130DROLOJ\u0130K KURAKLIK\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n
2 y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f analizlerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nin \u015fiddetli kurakl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011funu kaydeden T\u00fcrke\u015f, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin uzun s\u00fcreli ortalamalara g\u00f6re sadece a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flara yol a\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u015fiddetli, \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli ya da ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u015fiddetli kurakl\u0131klara da neden oldu\u011funu ifade etti.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrke\u015f, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u011f\u0131\u015f rejimi, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesinde oldu\u011fu gibi de\u011fi\u015fiyor. Bir yandan kurakl\u0131klar\u0131, di\u011fer yandan da s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n \u015fiddetlenmesiyle kurakl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7ok daha etkili olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an buharla\u015fma ve nem art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131yoruz\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrke\u015f, sadece ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, buharla\u015fma verilerini de i\u00e7eren Standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f Buharla\u015fma \u0130ndisi (SPEI) analizlerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Bat\u0131 Karadeniz ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kuzey b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, Bat\u0131 Anadolu, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu ve Akdeniz\u2019in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Toroslar, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu\u2019nun g\u00fcneyi, Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn kuvvetli ve \u015fiddetli kurakl\u0131k ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n
Kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Avrupa\u2019da, birden ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarla ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok g\u00fcndem oldu\u011funa ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de uzun s\u00fcreli analizlere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tar\u0131msal ve hidrolojik kurakl\u0131k ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen T\u00fcrke\u015f, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n
\u20182021\u2019DEK\u0130 KURAKLIK B\u0130TMED\u0130\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n
\u201cAsl\u0131nda 2021\u2019de ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131k bizde bitmi\u015f de\u011fil. Hava olaylar\u0131yla, k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerle bunu kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabiliyoruz.<\/p>\n
Kurakl\u0131k hem bug\u00fcn, hem de gelecekte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve \u015fiddetli hava olaylar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en \u00f6nemli g\u00fcndem maddelerinden biri olacak.<\/p>\n
Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda gelecekte Orta ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz ile Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kurakl\u0131klar\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve \u015fiddetinin artaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bekliyoruz. Kurakl\u0131k bizim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli ve ciddi bir tehlike, bunu ya\u015fam\u0131n t\u00fcm alanlar\u0131nda t\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rlerde dikkate almak zorunday\u0131z.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u2018REKOLTEYE ETK\u0130S\u0130 OLAB\u0130L\u0130R\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu sonbahara da kurak girdi\u011fine vurgu yapan T\u00fcrke\u015f, konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle tamamlad\u0131:<\/p>\n
\u201cT\u0131pk\u0131 2019 ve 2020\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi s\u0131cak ve kurak sonbahar\u0131n i\u00e7indeyiz. Umar\u0131m \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde bir ya\u011f\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
S\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 nedeniyle buharla\u015fmayla topraktaki nem kayb\u0131 da y\u00fcksek. Kas\u0131mda hububat ekiminde sorun ya\u015fanabilir. Bunun rekolteye de olumsuz etkisi olabilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde Orta ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ile Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00f6rece s\u0131cak ve \u00e7ok kurak ko\u015fullar\u0131 giderebilecek bir hava olay\u0131 yok.\u201d (AA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l ya\u015fanan kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hala devam etti\u011fini belirten Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve Politikalar\u0131 Uygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48743,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[1234,5140,5948,8804,285],"class_list":["post-48742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-anadolu","tag-kuraklik","tag-siddetli","tag-turkes","tag-yagis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=48742"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48744,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48742\/revisions\/48744"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/48743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=48742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=48742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=48742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}