AYM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Z\u00fcht\u00fc Arslan ve beraberindeki heyet, AYM ve Avrupa Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan ortakla\u015fa y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesinin Temel Haklar Alan\u0131ndaki Kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Etkili \u015eekilde Uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n Desteklenmesi Projesi\u201d kapsam\u0131nda Venedik\u2019e \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ziyareti yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n
AYM heyeti, d\u00fczenlenen \u00e7al\u0131\u015ftayda, \u0130talya Anayasa Mahkemesi \u00fcyeleri, anayasa ve insan haklar\u0131 profes\u00f6rleriyle bir araya geldi. Toplant\u0131larda, T\u00fcrkiye ve \u0130talya ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere farkl\u0131 Avrupa ve Balkan \u00fclkelerindeki uygulamalar ele al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015ftay\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yapan Arslan, hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin yarg\u0131 yoluyla korunmas\u0131 fikrinin bir\u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinde bulundu\u011funu belirterek, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n
\u201cHepinizin bildi\u011fi gibi Kant, haklar\u0131n yarg\u0131 yoluyla korunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurgulayan filozoflardan biriydi. Kant, hukuk devletinin ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelli\u011finin haklara sahip olmam\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan\u0131n do\u011fa durumunda zaten bu haklara sahip oldu\u011funu savunur. Kant\u2019tan \u00e7ok \u00f6nce sosyolojinin kurucusu olarak kabul edilen \u0130bni Haldun, toplumun ve devletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in insan haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n
HUKUKUN \u00dcST\u00dcNL\u00dc\u011e\u00dcN\u00dc KORUMAK \u0130\u00c7\u0130N\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Arslan, s\u00f6z konusu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinin yarg\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131 gereken baz\u0131 ortak ve \u00e7ok de\u011ferli ilkeler ortaya koydu\u011funu vurgulayarak, \u201cBu ba\u011flamda bug\u00fcn t\u00fcm anayasa mahkemelerinin, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, insan haklar\u0131 ve demokrasi ilkeleri gibi anayasal demokrasinin temel dayanaklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in var oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Anayasal haklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131nda mahkemenin iki ana mekanizmas\u0131 oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden Arslan, \u201c\u0130lk olarak mahkeme, kuruldu\u011fu 1961\u2019den bu yana kanunlar\u0131n, kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararnamelerin ve Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamelerinin anayasaya uygunlu\u011funu denetlemektedir. Bu ba\u011flamda mahkeme, yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctme organlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flemlerini denetleme yetkisine sahiptir.\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Arslan, AYM\u2019nin 2010\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren anayasa \u015fikayeti hakk\u0131yla kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131 ve yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131n\u0131 da anayasal hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini ihlal edip etmedikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan denetlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatarak, \u201cAnayasa\u2019n\u0131n 148. Maddesi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ne at\u0131fta bulundu\u011fundan, Anayasa Mahkemesi anayasa \u015fikayetlerini karara ba\u011flarken Strazburg Mahkemesinin i\u00e7tihad\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almaktad\u0131r.\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n AYM’nin bireysel ba\u015fvurunun getirilmesiyle iki temel amaca ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden Arslan, \u201c\u0130lk ama\u00e7, bireysel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6nelik standartlar\u0131n y\u00fckseltilmesiydi. Bireysel ba\u015fvurunun ikinci ve pratik amac\u0131 ise Strazburg Mahkemesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde T\u00fcrkiye aleyhine yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvurular\u0131n ve ihlallerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltmakt\u0131.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Arslan, T\u00fcrkiye’de anayasa \u015fikayeti sisteminin etkili ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki iki zorlu engelden bahsedebileceklerini belirterek, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n \u201cHer \u015feyden \u00f6nce en ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri bireysel ba\u015fvurularla ilgili inan\u0131lmaz bir i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131k. Bug\u00fcn itibar\u0131yla mahkemede yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 bin derdest ba\u015fvuru bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkisi, \u015fu anda 47 farkl\u0131 taraf devletten yakla\u015f\u0131k 75 bin bekleyen ba\u015fvuru bulunan Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesinin i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131labilir.\u201d<\/p>\n \u0130hlal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n etkili \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n mahkemenin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluk oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden Arslan, \u201cStrazburg Mahkemesi gibi Anayasa Mahkemesi de bir ba\u015fvurunun kitlesel ve tekrarlayan ihlallere yol a\u00e7an sistematik ve yap\u0131sal bir sorunu g\u00fcndeme getirmesi halinde \u2018pilot karar usul\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019 benimsemi\u015ftir.\u201d ifadesini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n AYM\u2019N\u0130N \u00dcLKEDEK\u0130 HER B\u0130R \u0130HLALE TELAF\u0130 ETMEYE G\u00dcC\u00dc YETMEZ<\/strong><\/p>\n Arslan, baz\u0131 durumlarda AYM\u2019nin kanun temelinde bir ihlal tespit etti\u011fini ve belirli bir s\u00fcrede kanunun de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi amac\u0131yla parlamentoyu bilgilendirdi\u011fini kaydetti.<\/p>\n Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131n\u0131n etkilerine de de\u011finen Arslan, mahkemenin iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n sadece davan\u0131n taraflar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil herkesi ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131. Arslan, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesi basit\u00e7e \u015funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor; \u2018\u00fclkedeki her bir ihlali telafi etmeye g\u00fcc\u00fcm yetmez.\u2019 Bu nedenle benzer davalar\u0131 ele al\u0131rken mahkemenin yorumunu takip etmek gibi \u00f6nleyici tedbirler almak zorunday\u0131z. 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k anayasa \u015fikayeti deneyimi, ihlallere kar\u015f\u0131 etkili ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir ba\u015fvuru yolu oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu yolun gelecekteki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 sadece Anayasa Mahkemesine de\u011fil ba\u015fta di\u011fer mahkemeler olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm payda\u015flara ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n Arslan, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ziyareti kapsam\u0131nda yar\u0131n Venedik Komisyonu Genel Kurulu\u2019na da kat\u0131lacak. (AA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Anayasa Mahkemesi (AYM) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Z\u00fcht\u00fc Arslan, bireysel ba\u015fvurularla ilgili inan\u0131lmaz bir i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, “Bug\u00fcn itibar\u0131yla mahkemede yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 bin derdest ba\u015fvuru bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkisi, \u015fu anda 47 farkl\u0131 taraf devletten yakla\u015f\u0131k 75 bin bekleyen ba\u015fvuru bulunan Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesinin i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131labilir” dedi.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":63668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[565,1671,4518,392,1036],"class_list":["post-63667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","tag-anayasa","tag-arslan","tag-aym","tag-basvuru","tag-ihlal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63667"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63667\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63669,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63667\/revisions\/63669"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/63668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}