Anayasa Mahkemesi, \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konuda \u00f6nemli bir karara imza att\u0131. Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, \u00fczerine pandemi d\u00f6neminde Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Genelgeleriyle uygulanan soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle kesilen cezalara ili\u015fkin bir vatanda\u015f\u0131n ba\u015fvurusunu karara ba\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Anayasa Mahkemesi Genel Kurul Karar metnine g\u00f6re s\u00fcrece ili\u015fkin detaylar \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n
Mustafa Karaku\u015f, 10 May\u0131s 2020 g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 10.45\u2019te arac\u0131yla seyir halindeyken, \u0130stanbul \u00c7aml\u0131ca Gi\u015feler\u2019de polis taraf\u0131ndan durduruldu.<\/p>\n
Karaku\u015f\u2019a Soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esi ile Ata\u015fehir Kaymakaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130l\u00e7e Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00a0 \u0130dari Yapt\u0131r\u0131m Karar Tutana\u011f\u0131 ile 24\/4\/1930 tarihli ve 1593 say\u0131l\u0131 Umumi H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Kanunu\u2019nun 282. maddesi uyar\u0131nca 3 bin 180 TL idari para cezas\u0131 kesildi.<\/p>\n
CUMHURBA\u015eKANLI\u011eI GENELGELER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130dari para cezas\u0131na dair tutana\u011f\u0131n \u201cKabahat Filli\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u201c1593 SAYILI UMUM\u0130 HIFZISSIHHA KANUNU (282. MADDE) Ayr\u0131ca Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 tedbirleri kapsam\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Genelgeleri soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 ihlali\u201d \u015feklinde ifadelere yer verildi.<\/p>\n MAHKEME \u0130T\u0130RAZI REDDETT\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Mustafa Karaku\u015f\u2019un, cezaya kar\u015f\u0131 mahkemeye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuru reddedildi. \u00dcst mahkemeye yap\u0131lan itiraz\u0131 da reddedilince\u00a0 cezay\u0131 \u00f6dedikten sonra Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019ne bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulundu.<\/p>\n Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme \u015fu tespit ve de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulundu:<\/p>\n Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: Hi\u00e7 kimse, i\u015flendi\u011fi zaman ulusal veya uluslararas\u0131 hukuka g\u00f6re su\u00e7 olu\u015fturmayan bir eylem veya ihmalden dolay\u0131 su\u00e7lu bulunamaz.<\/p>\n Ba\u015fvurucu Mustafa Karaku\u015f; temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin ula\u015f\u0131labilir olmayan \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 genelgesi ile k\u0131s\u0131tlanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131na dayanak g\u00f6sterilen mevzuatta, bu yasa\u011f\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde alt\u0131 \u00e7izilen belirlilik ilkesine uygun \u015fekilde uygulanabilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir d\u00fczenleme bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kanuni dayana\u011f\u0131 olmayan eylemlerle temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere m\u00fcdahale edilmesinin ve ceza uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n su\u00e7ta ve cezada kanunilik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, \u015fik\u00e2yete konu soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n -devletin bireylerin ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 koruma \u015feklindeki pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda- Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Koronavir\u00fcs Bilim Kurulu ile il pandemi koordinasyon kurullar\u0131n\u0131n tavsiye kararlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda il\/il\u00e7e umumi h\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha kurullar\u0131n\u0131n pandemiyi kontrol alt\u0131na alma ve sona erdirme ama\u00e7l\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedbirlerden oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u201cK\u0130MSE SU\u00c7 OLMAYAN B\u0130R F\u0130\u0130LDEN DOLAYI CEZALANDIRILAMAZ\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Anayasa’n\u0131n 38. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n \u201dKimse, i\u015flendi\u011fi zaman y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan kanunun su\u00e7 saymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir fiilden dolay\u0131 cezaland\u0131r\u0131lamaz; kimseye su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fi zaman kanunda o su\u00e7 i\u00e7in konulmu\u015f olan cezadan daha a\u011f\u0131r bir ceza verilemez.\u201d<\/p>\n Her ne kadar \u0130dari Para Cezas\u0131 Tutana\u011f\u0131 veya bu tutana\u011f\u0131n iptali talebine ili\u015fkin yarg\u0131lama a\u015famas\u0131nda verilen H\u00e2kimlik ve itiraz mercii kararlar\u0131nda belirtilmemi\u015f ise de Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ekindeki belgelerden ba\u015fvurucunun ihlal etti\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stanbul \u0130l Umumi H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Meclisi taraf\u0131ndan COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele kapsam\u0131nda al\u0131nan tedbirlerden oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak 1593 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen tedbirler aras\u0131nda soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kman\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n \u201cKEYF\u0130 CEZALANDIRMALARA \u0130MKAN SA\u011eLAR\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Somut olayda ba\u015fvurucunun \u0130stanbul \u0130l Umumi H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Meclisi karar\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bir zorunlulu\u011fa uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususunda tart\u0131\u015fma bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ancak s\u00f6z konusu kuralda i\u015faret edilen zorunluluk, 1593 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019da yaz\u0131l\u0131 zorunluluktur. Kuraldaki a\u00e7\u0131k ifade kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un verdi\u011fi yetkiye dayan\u0131larak kamu otoritelerince ihdas edilen zorunluluklara uymama \u015feklindeki eylemlerin 282. madde kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilerek faillerinin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n Aksinin kabul\u00fc, kapsam\u0131 kanun koyucu taraf\u0131ndan bilin\u00e7li olarak dar tutulan ceza h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn kamu otoritelerinin d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemleri ile s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecek ve keyf\u00ee cezaland\u0131rmaya imk\u00e2n tan\u0131yacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletilmesine neden olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n H\u00dcK\u00dcM: KANUN\u0130L\u0130K \u0130LKES\u0130 \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Anayasa Mahkemesi neticede \u015fu h\u00fckm\u00fc kurdu:<\/p>\n Su\u00e7ta ve cezada kanunilik ilkesinin ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE,<\/p>\n Anayasa’n\u0131n 38. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan su\u00e7ta ve cezada kanunilik ilkesinin \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE Muhterem \u0130NCE\u2019nin kar\u015f\u0131oyu ve OY\u00c7OKLU\u011eUYLA,<\/p>\n Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin su\u00e7ta ve cezada kanunilik ilkesinin ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u0130stanbul Anadolu 8. Sulh Ceza H\u00e2kimli\u011fine G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE karar verildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Anayasa Mahkemesi, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 genelgelerine dayan\u0131larak Covid nedeniyle soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eden vatanda\u015fa kesilen cezay\u0131, kanuni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle iptal etti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":72127,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[171,53,580,505,718],"class_list":["post-72126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","tag-ceza","tag-kanun","tag-karar","tag-mahkeme","tag-suc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=72126"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72128,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72126\/revisions\/72128"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/72127"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=72126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=72126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=72126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}