{"id":75367,"date":"2023-03-05T03:05:03","date_gmt":"2023-03-05T03:05:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=75367"},"modified":"2023-03-05T03:05:03","modified_gmt":"2023-03-05T03:05:03","slug":"deprem-bolgesinde-kolera-tifo-ve-dizanteri-riski-yuksek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=75367","title":{"rendered":"Deprem b\u00f6lgesinde kolera, tifo ve dizanteri riski y\u00fcksek"},"content":{"rendered":"

Uzmanlar <\/strong>deprem b\u00f6lgelerinde beslenme ve hijyen ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli olmamas\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve yeterli su kaynaklar\u0131na ula\u015famama sorunlar\u0131 nedeniyle mide-ba\u011f\u0131rsak enfeksiyonlar\u0131 riskinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. \u2018\u2018Deprem sonras\u0131 bir hafta ile bir ayl\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde besin zehirlenmesi, tifo, kolera, dizanteri, viral gastroenterit, bakteriyel gastroenteritler ve paraziter hastal\u0131klar yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr” diyen \u0130\u00e7 Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. Osman Erk, bu hastal\u0131klardan korunma yollar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlatt\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7 Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. Osman Erk<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Kolera<\/b><\/p>\n

Sel, deprem gibi afetler sonras\u0131 kolera vakalar\u0131 s\u0131k olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Vibrio cholerae adl\u0131 bakteriyle bula\u015fan akut ba\u015flayan, \u015fiddetli sulu ishal ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kusma, idrar miktar\u0131nda azalma ve vakalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 5’inde ate\u015f \u015fikayeti ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Hastal\u0131k genellikle d\u0131\u015fk\u0131, kirlenmi\u015f su ve besin yoluyla bula\u015f\u0131r. Tedavide s\u0131v\u0131 ve elektrolit verilmesi ve antibiyotik \u00f6nemlidir. Tedavi edilmezse k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede b\u00f6brek yetmezli\u011fine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

Tifo<\/b><\/p>\n

Salmonella adl\u0131 bakteriler taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan, insanlara hayvanlardan ge\u00e7en s\u0131kl\u0131kla gastroenterit tablosuna yol a\u00e7an bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu hastal\u0131k daha \u00e7ok besin zehirlenmesi \u015feklinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u0130yi pi\u015firilmemi\u015f kanatl\u0131 hayvan (tavuk, hindi) etleri en s\u0131k bula\u015f kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde \u00f6zellikle fastfood yiyeceklerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Tavuk, \u00e7i\u011f yenilen ye\u015fil yaprakl\u0131 sebzelerle bula\u015f s\u0131kt\u0131r. Enfekte g\u0131da al\u0131m\u0131ndan 6-72 saat sonra ate\u015f, ishal ve kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u0131v\u0131 ve gerekirse antibiyotik tedavisi uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Leptospiroz<\/b><\/p>\n

Fare ve kemirgen idrar\u0131yla bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f su ve yiyeceklerin t\u00fcketilmesi, bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f toprakta temas sonucu leptospiroz denilen hastal\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Etken a\u011f\u0131z yolu veya hasarl\u0131 deri yoluyla v\u00fccuda girer. Hastal\u0131k y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, titreme, bulant\u0131, kusma, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, yayg\u0131n v\u00fccut a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131, karaci\u011fer ve b\u00f6brek yetersizli\u011fi bulgular\u0131yla seyreder. Tedavisinde uygun antibiyotiklerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Hijyen kurallar\u0131na uyma ve kemirgen kontrol\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in zorunludur.<\/p>\n

Amipli dizanteri<\/b><\/p>\n

Entamoeba histolytica ad\u0131 verilen parazit taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan kanl\u0131 s\u00fcm\u00fckl\u00fc ishale yol a\u00e7an bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130nsan d\u0131\u015fk\u0131s\u0131 ile kirlenmi\u015f sular\u0131n ve besinlerin t\u00fcketilmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. El y\u0131kama, tuvalet hijyeni, su ve g\u0131dalar\u0131n kirlenmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi hastal\u0131ktan korunmay\u0131 sa\u011flar. Tedavide uzun s\u00fcre antibiyotik kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Basili dizanteri<\/b><\/p>\n

Shigella bakterisi sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kanl\u0131, mukuslu ishal, bulant\u0131, kusma, ate\u015fle seyreden bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle hijyenik ko\u015fullar\u0131n uygun olmamas\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli i\u00e7me suyu temin edilememesi gibi durumlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Hastal\u0131k fekal-oral yolla bula\u015f\u0131r. \u0130nsan d\u0131\u015fk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda sinekler hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bula\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Su ve sabunla el y\u0131kama korunmada en etkili y\u00f6ntemdir. Tedavide s\u0131v\u0131 ve antibiyotik deste\u011fi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Besin zehirlenmesi<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6n planda gastrointestinal \u015fikayetlere (bulant\u0131, kusma, ishal) yol a\u00e7an besin ve su ile bula\u015fan hastal\u0131k tablosudur. Etken \u00e7o\u011funlukla bakteri, vir\u00fcs ve parazitlerdir. Besin zehirlenmesine yol a\u00e7an 250 kadar farkl\u0131 besin tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle bebekler, \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlar ve gebeler risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Riskli besin t\u00fcketiminden sonra erken 1 saat en ge\u00e7 120 saat sonra bulant\u0131, kusma, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, bazen ate\u015f, sulu veya kanl\u0131 olabilen ishal gibi \u015fikayetler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Tedavi genellikle destek tedavisi \u015feklindedir. A\u011f\u0131z yolu ile bol miktarda s\u0131v\u0131 almak yeterlidir. Kusmaya ve ishale y\u00f6nelik ila\u00e7lar hastay\u0131 rahatlatsa da \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, kanl\u0131 ishal oldu\u011funda kesinlikle verilmemelidir. Basili dizanteri, kolera ve invazif tifoda antibiyotik gerekir. Vakalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda antibiyotik gereksizdir. Zehirlenmeye yol a\u00e7an g\u0131dalar et, s\u00fct, yumurtad\u0131r. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler iyice pi\u015firildikten sonra t\u00fcketilmelidir. Ambalaj\u0131 \u015fi\u015fmi\u015f konserveler de risklidir.<\/p>\n

Giardia<\/b><\/p>\n

Giardia intestinalis adl\u0131 parazitin bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7me sular\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Kirli su ve g\u0131dalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile veya insandan insana fekal-oral yolla bula\u015fabilir. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada yayg\u0131n bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ocuklarda s\u0131kt\u0131r. Bulant\u0131, kusma zay\u0131flama, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, k\u00f6t\u00fc kokulu ishal en \u00f6nemli belirtilerdir. Uygun antibiyotiklerle tedavi edilir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Neler yap\u0131lmal\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde temiz su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131, ambalajl\u0131 sular\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, sular\u0131n klorlanmas\u0131, sebze ve meyvelerin klorlanm\u0131\u015f su ile y\u0131kanmas\u0131, yemek kaplar\u0131n\u0131n temiz ve hijyenik tutulmas\u0131, ki\u015fisel hijyene dikkat edilmesi \u00f6nemlidir. Yeterli say\u0131da tuvaletlerin b\u00f6lgede olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, tuvaletlerin yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgelerine ve su kaynaklar\u0131na belirli uzakl\u0131kta olmas\u0131, at\u0131klar\u0131n her g\u00fcn uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, sabun ve tuvalet ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131na eri\u015fim ishal vakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesinde etkilidir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k ekipleri taraf\u0131ndan sular\u0131n klor seviyesi, mikrobik etkenler taraf\u0131ndan kirletilip kirletilmedi\u011finin saptanmas\u0131, ishal vakalar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hastalar\u0131n ayaktan h\u0131zla hastal\u0131k etkenlerinin saptanmas\u0131 zorunludur. Su ve yiyecek kaplar\u0131n\u0131n temiz korunmas\u0131, sebze ve meyve gibi \u00e7i\u011f besinlerin klorlu su ile iyice y\u0131kanmas\u0131, yiyeceklerin iyi pi\u015firilmesi \u00f6nemlidir. Ki\u015fisel hijyen, ellerin tuvalet \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131, yemek \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131, yemek haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken y\u0131kanmas\u0131, ishal ve \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Deprem b\u00f6lgesinde mide ve ba\u011f\u0131rsak enfeksiyonu riskinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Prof. Dr. Erk, \u2018\u2018Bir an \u00f6nce \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmazsa vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z koleradan tifoya kadar bir\u00e7ok salg\u0131nla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilir\u2019\u2019 dedi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":75368,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[2224,3722,181,3161,376],"class_list":["post-75367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-besin","tag-bulas","tag-hastalik","tag-ishal","tag-tedavi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75367","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=75367"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75367\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":75369,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75367\/revisions\/75369"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/75368"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=75367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=75367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=75367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}