S\u0131tma, insanlara parazit ta\u015f\u0131yan anofel cinsi di\u015fi sivrisineklerin sokmas\u0131yla bula\u015f\u0131yor. Belirtileri genellikle 1 ay i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fclen hastal\u0131k ayr\u0131ca kan yoluyla, enjekt\u00f6r veya i\u011fnelerin ortak kullan\u0131m\u0131yla veya do\u011fumda anneden bebe\u011fe ge\u00e7ebiliyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde \u201cmalarya\u201d olarak da bilinen s\u0131tman\u0131n ilk semptomlar\u0131 pek \u00e7ok sistemik viral hastal\u0131k bulgular\u0131na benzerken, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, halsizlik, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, yorgunluk, kas ve eklem a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ile ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (DS\u00d6) \u20182022 D\u00fcnya S\u0131tma Raporu\u2019na g\u00f6re, 2021\u2019de d\u00fcnyada 247 milyon s\u0131tma vakas\u0131 tespit edildi ve s\u0131tmadan 619 bin ki\u015fi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131tma riskinde oldu\u011fu 2021\u2019de vakalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 95\u2019i (234 milyon), \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin y\u00fczde 96\u2019s\u0131 (593 bin) Afrika\u2019da kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
S\u0131tmadan en fazla etkilenen grup olan 5 ya\u015f alt\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar, s\u00f6z konusu d\u00f6nemde Afrika\u2019daki t\u00fcm s\u0131tma \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin\u00a0 y\u00fczde 80\u2019ini olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n
VAKALARIN YARISI D\u00d6RT \u00dcLKEDEN<\/strong><\/p>\n Nijerya (y\u00fczde 27), Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti (y\u00fczde 12), Uganda (y\u00fczde 5) ve Mozambik (y\u00fczde 4) 2021\u2019de toplam s\u0131tma vakalar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kayda ge\u00e7ti\u011fi \u00fclkeler, Nijerya (y\u00fczde 31), Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti (y\u00fczde 13), Nijer (y\u00fczde 4), ve Tanzanya (y\u00fczde 4) ise s\u0131tma kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n kaydedildi\u011fi 4 \u00fclke olarak s\u0131ralan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, d\u00fcnya genelinde s\u0131tma vakas\u0131 bildiren \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131 azal\u0131yor. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131 2020\u2019de 108 olarak kaydedilirken, 2021\u2019de 84\u2019e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n Bu arada, 10\u2019dan az vaka g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131 2020\u2019de 4 iken, 2021\u2019de 25\u2019e y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n DS\u00d6, s\u0131tma vakalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131ra indiren El Salvador ve \u00c7in\u2019e 2021\u2019de \u201celeme sertifikas\u0131\u201d verdi.<\/p>\n SITMANIN TEDAV\u0130S\u0130 VE \u00d6NLENMES\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Hafif bir s\u0131tma vakas\u0131n\u0131n ciddi hastal\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesini ve \u00f6l\u00fcme neden olmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemenin en etkili yolu, h\u0131zl\u0131 tan\u0131 ve s\u0131tma (antimalaryal) ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tedavide kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n S\u0131tma hastalar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda tavsiye edilen tedaviyi almas\u0131 da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n DS\u00d6, Ekim 2021\u2019de onaylad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131tma a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 \u2018RTS,S\/AS01\u2019nin yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye ediyor.<\/p>\n \u0130la\u00e7l\u0131 cibinlikler, \u00f6zellikle son y\u0131llarda Afrika\u2019da s\u0131tmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemede en ucuz ve etkili ki\u015fisel korunma y\u00f6ntemlerden biri olarak tercih ediliyor.<\/p>\n Sahraalt\u0131 Afrika\u2019da s\u0131tma riski alt\u0131ndaki insanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 47\u2019sinin alt\u0131nda uyudu\u011fu ila\u00e7l\u0131 cibinliklerin ortalama \u00f6mr\u00fc ise 3 y\u0131l. Ayr\u0131ca ila\u00e7l\u0131 cibinlik eri\u015fimine sahip n\u00fcfusun oran\u0131 2018\u2019de y\u00fczde 57 iken, 2021\u2019de y\u00fczde 54\u2019e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn nedeni olarak Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m olanaklar\u0131nda yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 aksakl\u0131klar g\u00f6steriliyor.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla yerli s\u0131tma bula\u015f\u0131 sona erdirildi ve 2010\u2019dan bu yana sadece yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 vakalar tespit ediliyor. (AA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" D\u00fcnya genelinde 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda 619 bin ki\u015fi s\u0131tma nedeniyle hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":79909,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[10883,141,6445,160,175],"class_list":["post-79908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-2021de","tag-dunya","tag-sitma","tag-ulke","tag-vaka"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=79908"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79908\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":79910,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79908\/revisions\/79910"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/79909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=79908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=79908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=79908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}