{"id":82934,"date":"2023-04-29T02:35:05","date_gmt":"2023-04-29T02:35:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=82934"},"modified":"2023-04-29T02:35:05","modified_gmt":"2023-04-29T02:35:05","slug":"yalnizlik-insani-nasil-etkiliyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=82934","title":{"rendered":"Yaln\u0131zl\u0131k insan\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiliyor?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcrekli sigara i\u00e7mek kadar sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa zararl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Bu duyguyu yak\u0131n zamanda yani pandemi s\u00fcrecinde deneyimledi\u011fimizi, b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, \u00f6zellikle de bir ba\u015flar\u0131na kalan ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n haf\u0131za problemlerinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatan N\u00f6roloji Uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. Derya Ulud\u00fcz, yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 ve sosyalle\u015fmenin pozitif etkilerini \u015f\u00f6yle anlatt\u0131:,<\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i01.sozcucdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/28\/02-derya-uluduz-14cm-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>Prof. Dr. Derya Ulud\u00fcz,<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>Sinir h\u00fccreleri aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fim bozuluyor<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Oxford \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nin ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, sosyalle\u015fme beyin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 etkiliyor. Sosyal \u00e7evresi geni\u015f olanlar\u0131n beyinlerinin baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu ve daha iyi ba\u011flant\u0131 kurduklar\u0131 belirlendi.\u00a0Yeni kan\u0131tlar da sosyalle\u015fmenin hastal\u0131klara ve ya\u015flanmaya kar\u015f\u0131 biyolojik bir g\u00fc\u00e7 alan\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Konu\u015fmak, sohbet etmek n\u00f6ronlar aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131yor. \u0130nsan\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na olmas\u0131, payla\u015fmamas\u0131, konu\u015fmamas\u0131, hi\u00e7bir faaliyette bulunmamas\u0131 ve i\u00e7e d\u00f6n\u00fck ya\u015famas\u0131 ise sinir h\u00fccreleri aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimi bozuyor. Uzun s\u00fcreli yaln\u0131zl\u0131k demans (bunama) riskini art\u0131r\u0131yor, stresi, depresyonu ve kayg\u0131y\u0131 tetikliyor. Uyku sorunlar\u0131na ve y\u00fcksek kan bas\u0131nc\u0131na da neden olabiliyor. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 zay\u0131flatarak, v\u00fccudu hastal\u0131klara a\u00e7\u0131k hale getiriyor.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0130\u015fte sosyalle\u015fmenin faydalar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze temas beyinde, dopamin, oksitosin ve serotonin gibi bir dizi n\u00f6rotransmiter kokteylini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Bunlar kendimizi g\u00fcvende, huzurlu ve mutlu hissetmemizi sa\u011flar. Stres hormonu olan kortizol seviyenizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr; motivasyonu art\u0131r\u0131r; a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 dindirir. Bu hormonlar v\u00fccutta morfin gibidir, bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma duygusal e\u015f dokunu\u015funun hastalarda fiziksel a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 dindirdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcksek stresle ili\u015fkili kortizol ve v\u00fccutta neden oldu\u011fu kronik iltihaplanma bir dizi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olur. \u00a0Stresin ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k \u00fczerindeki etkileri de \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Sar\u0131lmayla, y\u00fcz y\u00fcze konu\u015fmayla artan dopamin, epinefrin ve oksitosin gibi hormonlar kortizol\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr, beynimizin potansiyel stres fakt\u00f6rlerine tepki verme \u015feklini, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir ve hatta yeni beyin h\u00fccrelerinin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini te\u015fvik eder. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak so\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vir\u00fcs\u00fc ile enfekte olan ki\u015filerden sosyal hayattan izole olanlar\u0131n hastalanma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczde 45 daha y\u00fcksek bulundu.\u00a0Sosyal motivasyon ve sosyal temas, haf\u0131za olu\u015fumuyla hat\u0131rlamay\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir ve beyni n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131klardan korur. Mesela, Parkinson&#8217;un en belirgin belirtilerinden biri dopamin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr. Sosyal ba\u011flar, dopamin seviyelerini y\u00fckseltir. Yak\u0131n zamanda yay\u0131nlanan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma, yak\u0131n arkada\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n ilerleyen d\u00f6nemlerinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmenin zihinsel gerilemeyi \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. Ayr\u0131ca JAMA&#8217;da yay\u0131nlanan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma, Alzheimer riskinin yaln\u0131z olanlarda yaln\u0131z olmayanlara k\u0131yasla 2 kattan fazla artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu. American Journal of Public Health&#8217;de yay\u0131nlanan bir ba\u015fka ara\u015ft\u0131rmada da, b\u00fcy\u00fck sosyal a\u011flara sahip ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n demans ve bili\u015fsel bozukluk geli\u015ftirme riskinin y\u00fczde 26 daha az oldu\u011fu belirtildi. Sosyal ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fczerindeki etkileri \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan bir bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmada da, do\u011fru ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sosyal ba\u011flant\u0131 kurman\u0131n; daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir uzun \u00f6m\u00fcr s\u00fcrme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczde 50 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi\u011fi ve hastal\u0131klar\u0131n iyile\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p><b>Sosyalle\u015fmek i\u00e7in ipu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze sosyal etkile\u015fiminizi art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcze \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirin. \u0130\u015f arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla birlikte yemek yiyin, her g\u00fcn ailenizle konu\u015facak vakitler yarat\u0131n. Sosyal medya sizi ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla ba\u011f kurmaktan al\u0131koyuyor olabilir. Bu nedenle k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131n. Y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fe \u00e7\u0131kacaksan\u0131z arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z ya da aileniz de size e\u015flik etsin. Torunlar\u0131n\u0131zla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn, onlarla e\u011flenin, oyunlar oynay\u0131n, \u00f6devlerine yard\u0131m edin. Emeklili\u011fi ise asla sosyal hayattan izolasyon olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyin. Evde kalmak yerine, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc aktivitelere kat\u0131l\u0131n, ilgi alan\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re sosyalle\u015febilece\u011finiz bir grup edinin.<\/p>\n<p><b>Okinawa halk\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve uzun ya\u015fam s\u0131rr\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnyadaki insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn uzun oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerden biri Akdeniz&#8217;de bir \u0130talyan adas\u0131 olan Sardunya Adas\u0131 ve burada \u0130talyan anakaras\u0131na g\u00f6re 6 kat daha fazla 100&#8217;\u00fcn\u00fc devirmi\u015f insan var. Bu b\u00f6lgelerden bir di\u011feri de Tokyo&#8217;nun 800 mil g\u00fcneyindeki Okinawa tak\u0131madalar\u0131\u2026 Buras\u0131 en ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131n n\u00fcfusunun bulundu\u011fu ve insanlar\u0131n d\u00fcnyadaki en uzun engelsiz ya\u015fam beklentisine sahip oldu\u011fu yerdir. Okinawa halk\u0131, daha \u00e7ok bitki temelli, pirin\u00e7 ve deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleriyle beslenirken; Sardunya halk\u0131 makarna, ekmek gibi tam bu\u011fday \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve sebze ve meyveyle besleniyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu beslenme tarzlar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00f6nerilen diyetlerden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fckte ortak bir nokta de\u011fil. Ortak noktalardan biri bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki insanlar\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu hareketli ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 olabilir. \u00d6zellikle oturup egzersiz yapm\u0131yorlar ama hepsi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde ya\u015flar\u0131 ka\u00e7 olursa olsun aktifler. Ancak bu b\u00f6lgeler i\u00e7in uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fckte en \u00f6nemli ortak fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn sosyalle\u015fme oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir: \u00a0Sardunya adas\u0131nda, 100 ya\u015f\u0131na gelen insanlar, asla g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayattan kopmuyor. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar, kalabal\u0131k aileleriyle birlikte ya\u015f\u0131yor ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam ediyor. Sardunya adas\u0131ndaki s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131k evler, i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f sokaklar ve birbiriyle birle\u015fen meydanlar, s\u00fcrekli sosyal etkile\u015fimin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p><b>Ya\u015fl\u0131lar toplumdan soyutlanm\u0131yor<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Okinawa halk\u0131n\u0131n \u201cMoai\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir gelenekleri var. Moai&#8217;ye g\u00f6re, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015ftan itibaren \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu arkada\u015f ve birbirlerine destek olmak \u00fczere bir araya getiriyorlar. E\u011fer bir maoi grubunuz varsa, ya\u015fam boyu yan\u0131n\u0131zda olacak size \u00e7ok yak\u0131n en az 5 arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131z var demektir. Hastalan\u0131rsan\u0131z, bir aile bireyiniz \u00f6l\u00fcrse, ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015farsan\u0131z veya sadece biriyle konu\u015fmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyarsan\u0131z, maoi arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n size destek olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilirsiniz. Bug\u00fcn bile, Okinawal\u0131lar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131 bir moai&#8217;ye kat\u0131l\u0131yor ve 100 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00e7o\u011fu ya\u015fl\u0131, vakit ge\u00e7irebilece\u011fi bir\u00e7ok arkada\u015fa sahip. Yani\u00a0 Okinawa halk\u0131, ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 asla toplumdan soyutlam\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca, Okinawa dilinde emeklilik kelimesi bile yok. Bunun yerine t\u00fcm hayat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 anlaml\u0131 hale getirecek ve \u201csabah uyanma sebebi\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cikigai\u201d kelimesi var. \u0130kigai&#8217;ye inanan ada halk\u0131, bu hayat\u0131 terk edene kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ve \u00fcretmeye devam ediyor. Ertesi g\u00fcn uyanmak i\u00e7in nedenleri olmas\u0131ndan mutluluk duyduklar\u0131ndan, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan da zevk al\u0131yorlar ve hayatlar\u0131nda strese yer yok.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uzun d\u00f6nem yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ruh ve beden sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit etti\u011fini belirten Prof. Dr. Ulud\u00fcz, \u2018\u2018Hatta bu durum ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir hastal\u0131k nedenidir diyebiliriz. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemimizi de zay\u0131flat\u0131r, demans (bunama) riskimizi de art\u0131r\u0131r\u2019\u2019 dedi&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":82935,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[226,2637,6166,2349,1624],"class_list":["post-82934","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-arastirma","tag-arkadas","tag-bag","tag-sosyal","tag-yuz"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82934","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=82934"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82934\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":82936,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82934\/revisions\/82936"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/82935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=82934"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=82934"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=82934"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}