{"id":84445,"date":"2023-05-02T02:21:03","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T02:21:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=84445"},"modified":"2023-05-02T02:21:03","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T02:21:03","slug":"astim-kontrolu-icin-10-tavsiye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=84445","title":{"rendered":"Ast\u0131m kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in 10 tavsiye"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ast\u0131m \u00fclkemizde ortalama olarak her 10 eri\u015fkin ve \u00e7ocuktan birinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u00dcstelik son y\u0131llarda hem \u00e7ocuklarda hem de yeti\u015fkinlerde giderek art\u0131yor. Tan\u0131 almam\u0131\u015f ve takipsiz hastalarda y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde akci\u011fer fonksiyon kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7an hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ya\u015fam kalitesini de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirten G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs Hastal\u0131lar\u0131 Uzman\u0131 Dr. Seha Akduman, 2 May\u0131s D\u00fcnya Ast\u0131m G\u00fcn\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda \u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 yapt\u0131:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Seha Akduman<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u0130\u015fte sebepleri<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ast\u0131m hava yollar\u0131nda, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131kla karakterize kronik bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Hava yollar\u0131ndaki (bron\u015flar) a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131k, inflamasyon (yang\u0131) yani v\u00fccuttaki iltihaplanman\u0131n artmas\u0131 sonucunda hava yollar\u0131nda daralmaya, artan balgam \u00fcretimine ve inat\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fc\u011fe neden olur. Sigara i\u00e7en ve tedavisiz kalan ast\u0131m hastalar\u0131 KOAH (Kronik Obstr\u00fcktif Akci\u011fer Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131) \u00f6zellikleri g\u00f6sterir. Alerjenler; v\u00fccudumuz i\u00e7in zarars\u0131z olan ancak duyarl\u0131 ki\u015filerde ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin reaksiyonuna neden olabilen maddelerdir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklarda ast\u0131m\u0131n y\u00fczde 80’i, eri\u015fkinlerde y\u00fczde 50′ si alerji kaynakl\u0131d\u0131r. En s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan alerjenler, polenler, ev tozu akarlar\u0131, k\u00fcf mantar\u0131 sporlar\u0131, hamamb\u00f6ce\u011fi, hayvan t\u00fcyleri ve yumurta, f\u0131st\u0131k, bal\u0131k, bu\u011fday, soya gibi g\u0131dalard\u0131r. Genetik yatk\u0131nl\u0131k, obezite, alerjik b\u00fcnyeye sahip olma, mesleki zararl\u0131 partik\u00fcllere maruziyet gibi bir\u00e7ok risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, hava kirlili\u011fi ve sigara, stres ya da duygusal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, \u00f6zellikle kontrols\u00fcz ast\u0131mlarda egzersiz ve so\u011fuk hava ast\u0131m ataklar\u0131na neden olan etkenler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Hangi belirtilere yol a\u00e7ar?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ast\u0131m hastalar\u0131nda \u015fikayetler genellikle n\u00f6betler halinde gelir. En \u00f6nemli belirtileri koku, toz, duman ve alerjen maruziyetinden sonra ba\u015flayan nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcste bask\u0131 hissi, nefes a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Mevsimlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6sterebilecek bu belirtiler genellikle gece veya sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6ks\u00fcr\u00fckler sabaha kar\u015f\u0131, inat\u00e7\u0131 ataklar halinde, bazen h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Nefesin yetmedi\u011fi hissi de hastalar aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tedavinin \u00f6nemi<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ast\u0131m kronik bir hastal\u0131k oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kesin tedavisi yoktur. Bununla birlikte uygun tedavi ile tam kontrol\u00fc sa\u011flamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Temel prensip basamakl\u0131 tedavidir. \u0130la\u00e7lar, tedavi edici ve k\u0131sa etkili kurtar\u0131c\u0131 ila\u00e7lar olarak ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Tedavi edici ajanlar hekim kontrol\u00fcnde karar verilmeli, kurtar\u0131c\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131 hangi durumlarda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi hastaya anlat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hasta e\u011fitimi \u00f6zellikle atak tedavisinin erken ba\u015flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. \u0130hmal edilen ve uzun y\u0131llar tam kontrol alt\u0131nda olmayan hastalarda y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarlar geli\u015fece\u011fi ve akci\u011fer kapasitelerinin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcms\u00fcz azalaca\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hastalar nelere dikkat etmeli?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

1 \u2013 Ataklara sebep olan etkenleri bilin ve bunlardan uzak durun.<\/p>\n

2 \u2013 Ast\u0131m heterojen bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r ve bireysel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar \u00e7ok fazlad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131n. \u015eikayetlerinizin ne zaman ve nas\u0131l artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyin\u00a0 ve bu do\u011frultuda \u00f6nlem al\u0131n.<\/p>\n

3 \u2013 Ast\u0131m son derece dinamik bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Mevsimle, haftayla g\u00fcnle de\u011fi\u015fir. Hatta yap\u0131lan seyahatler bile etkiler. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu kadar aktif bir hastal\u0131kta ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n da dinamik olmas\u0131 gerekir. D\u00fczenli muayenelerle ila\u00e7 dozlar\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmeli, d\u00fczenlenmelidir.. \u00d6zetle\u00a0 hastan\u0131n doktoruyla d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde irtibat halinde olmas\u0131 ast\u0131m\u0131n kontrol\u00fcnde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu nedenle kontrollerinizi aksatmay\u0131n<\/p>\n

4 \u2013 \u0130la\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenli kullan\u0131n ve doktorunuz \u00f6nermedik\u00e7e yar\u0131da kesmeyin.<\/p>\n

5 \u2013 Solunan havan\u0131n kalitesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Zararl\u0131 gazlardan, deterjanlardan, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r suyundan, tozlardan, hava kirlili\u011finden, aktif ya da pasif i\u00e7ici olarak t\u00fct\u00fcn ve t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden ve duman\u0131ndan uzak durun.<\/p>\n

6 \u2013 \u00dcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131 tehdit eden \u015fiddetli atak ve zat\u00fcrreye kadar gidebilen bir tabloya neden olabilece\u011fini unutmay\u0131n. Bu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r ge\u00e7irebilece\u011finiz i\u00e7in zat\u00fcrre ve grip a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 mutlaka yapt\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n

7 \u2013 Obezite ast\u0131m i\u00e7in \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. Obezitede salg\u0131lanan hormonlar ast\u0131m\u0131 tetikler. Bu nedenle kilo kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/p>\n

8 \u2013 Ast\u0131m hastalar\u0131nda refl\u00fcn\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ataklar\u0131 tetikleyebilir. Bu nedenle refl\u00fcn\u00fcz varsa mutlaka tedavi olun.<\/p>\n

9 \u2013 Ast\u0131m tam kontrol edilmesine ra\u011fmen \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck devam ediyorsa ciddiye al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hastalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 70’inde ast\u0131ma alerjik rinik de e\u015flik edebilir. Kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f alerjik rinit ast\u0131m\u0131n tetiklenmesine neden olabilece\u011fi i\u00e7in inat\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz varsa mutlaka kulak burun bo\u011faz muayenesi yapt\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n

10 \u2013 \u00d6zellikle ila\u00e7la tetiklenen ast\u0131m gruplar\u0131nda kontroll\u00fc ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 gerekir. Ataklar\u0131 tetikleyebilecek a\u011fr\u0131 kesicileri ve grip ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 hekim kontrol\u00fcnde kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ast\u0131m\u0131n kesin bir tedavisi yok. Ancak ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ve ila\u00e7lar\u0131n d\u00fczenli kullan\u0131m\u0131yla hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilece\u011fini vurgulayan G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs Hastal\u0131lar\u0131 Uzman\u0131 Dr. Seha Akduman, bu konuda \u00f6nemli tavsiyelerde bulundu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":84446,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[11421,159,2132,519,376],"class_list":["post-84445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-astim","tag-hasta","tag-hastalar","tag-hava","tag-tedavi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84445","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=84445"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84445\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":84447,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84445\/revisions\/84447"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/84446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=84445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=84445"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=84445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}