{"id":88505,"date":"2023-05-10T10:51:03","date_gmt":"2023-05-10T10:51:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=88505"},"modified":"2023-05-10T10:51:03","modified_gmt":"2023-05-10T10:51:03","slug":"tip-dunyasinda-devrim-uc-ebeveynli-cocuk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=88505","title":{"rendered":"T\u0131p d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda devrim\u2026 \u00dc\u00e7 ebeveynli \u00e7ocuk"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n tedavi edilemez hastal\u0131klar\u0131 miras almas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7layan tedavi y\u00f6ntemi bu defa \u0130ngiltere\u2019de uyguland\u0131 ve \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015finin DNA\u2019s\u0131yla yarat\u0131lan ilk bebek, d\u00fcnyaya geldi.<\/p>\n

Mitokondriyal donasyon tedavisi (MDT) olarak bilinen teknik, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kad\u0131n don\u00f6rlerin yumurtalar\u0131ndan al\u0131nan dokular kullan\u0131larak annelerinin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na ge\u00e7mesi muhtemel zararl\u0131 mutasyonlardan ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f IVF embriyolar\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

MDT, t\u00fcp bebek y\u00f6nteminden bu yana en \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmelerden biri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kas zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve erken \u00f6l\u00fcme neden olabilen kas distrofisi de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir grup mitokondriyal bozukluktan korur.<\/p>\n

6 bin bebekten yakla\u015f\u0131k biri mitokondriyal bozukluklardan etkilenir. Bir insan\u0131n 20 bin geninin \u00e7o\u011fu, v\u00fccuttaki hemen hemen her h\u00fccrenin \u00e7ekirde\u011finde k\u0131vr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haldedir. Ancak her bir \u00e7ekirde\u011fin etraf\u0131nda noktal\u0131 olarak kendi genlerine sahip binlerce mitokondri vard\u0131r. Mitokondri d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda organlar\u0131 olu\u015fturan h\u00fccrelere hayati enerji sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

DNA\u2019DA SADECE Y\u00dcZDE 0,1<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130lk \u00fc\u00e7 ebeveynli bebekler de bu teknik kullan\u0131larak do\u011fdu. Asl\u0131nda bebeklerdeki DNA\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczde 99,8\u2019inden fazlas\u0131 anne ve babadan gelmesine ra\u011fmen s\u00fcre\u00e7teki i\u015flemler nedeniyle \u00fc\u00e7 ebeveynli bebek olarak isimlendiriliyorlar. Yani bebeklerin teknik olarak iki annesi var gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de ikinci annenin \u00e7ocukla ger\u00e7ek bir genetik ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olmayacak ve DNA\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 0,1\u2019i buradan gelmi\u015f olacak.<\/p>\n

Teknik daha \u00f6nce baz\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131n ele\u015ftirisiyle kar\u015f\u0131lansa da MDT, potansiyel olarak \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl hastal\u0131klarla sonu\u00e7lanabilecek 3 bin kadar kad\u0131n i\u00e7in bir cankurtaran oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

Genetik rahats\u0131zl\u0131klardan ve k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131ktan etkilenen insanlara yard\u0131m etmek i\u00e7in kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fcten bir hay\u0131r kurumu olan Progress Education Trust\u2019\u0131n (PET) y\u00f6neticisi Sarah Norcross ise tekni\u011fin kullan\u0131l\u0131rken dikkatli olunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan mucizevi bir y\u00f6ntem gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclse de risksiz de\u011fil. Baz\u0131 uzmanlar da genetik materyalin bir yumurtadan di\u011ferine ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n, genlerin ifade edilme \u015feklini etkileyebilece\u011finden endi\u015fe duyuyor. Genlerin aktivitesini bozmak da kanser veya diyabet gibi daha sonra sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fama riski ta\u015f\u0131yan bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun d\u00fcnyaya gelmesine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

UYGULANMASI \u0130\u00c7\u0130N ONAY GEREK\u0130YOR<\/b><\/p>\n

Mitokondriyal hastal\u0131klar, annenin mitokondrilerindeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck makine dairelerindeki hatalar yoluyla bebe\u011fe miras kal\u0131r. Ancak MDT prosed\u00fcr\u00fcyle kad\u0131nlar\u0131n hastal\u0131kl\u0131 mitokondrileri ikinci bir kad\u0131n\u0131n yumurtas\u0131ndan al\u0131nan sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 mitokondrilerle de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n

MDT\u2019deki ilerleme, parlamentonun 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda prosed\u00fcre izin vermesiyle beraber ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. \u0130ki y\u0131l sonra, Newcastle klini\u011fi, y\u00f6ntemi uygulamada yetkili ilk ve tek ulusal merkez oldu. Y\u00f6ntemin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in onay, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin \u0130nsan D\u00f6llenmesi ve Embriyoloji Kurumu (HFEA) taraf\u0131ndan vaka baz\u0131nda verilir. \u015eimdiye kadar da en az 30 vakaya ye\u015fil \u0131\u015f\u0131k yakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin do\u011furganl\u0131k d\u00fczenleyicisi \u0130nsan D\u00f6llenme ve Embriyoloji Kurumu\u2019nun (HFEA) CEO\u2019su Peter Thompson y\u00f6ntemle ilgili \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cMitokondriyal ba\u011f\u0131\u015f tedavisi, ciddi kal\u0131tsal mitokondriyal hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ailelere sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7ocuk olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunuyor. Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k, d\u00fczenleyici bir ortamda mitokondriyal ba\u011f\u0131\u015f tedavisine izin veren d\u00fcnyadaki ilk \u00fclkeydi.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an prosed\u00fcr bu defa da \u0130ngiltere’de uyguland\u0131. \u00dclkenin ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ebeveynli bebe\u011fi d\u00fcnyaya geldi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":88506,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[3327,765,11781,586,4669],"class_list":["post-88505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-bebek","tag-cocuk","tag-mdt","tag-tek","tag-yontem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88505","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=88505"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88505\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88507,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88505\/revisions\/88507"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/88506"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=88505"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=88505"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=88505"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}