ALS, yani Amyotrofik Lateral Skleroz, merkezi sinir sistemi (beyin ve omurilik) ve periferik sinir sistemini (v\u00fccuttaki kaslar\u0131 kontrol eden sinirleri) etkileyen ilerleyici bir n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. ALS\u2019nin belirtileri aras\u0131nda kuvvetsizlik, kas se\u011firmeleri, kas kramp\u0131, konu\u015fma bozukluklar\u0131, yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, nefes alma zorlu\u011fu ve koordinasyon kayb\u0131 yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
ALS HASTALI\u011eI NED\u0130R?<\/strong><\/p>\n ALS hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, beyin ve spinal kordun \u00fcst ve alt motor n\u00f6ronlar\u0131nda dejenerasyonla karakterize ilerleyici bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. ALS’nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 Amyotrofik Lateral Skleroz’dur. ALS hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar hala devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 erken belirlemeye y\u00f6nelik laboratuar testlerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmaktad\u0131r. Bu noktadan hareketle 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131lan ve 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda bitirilmesi planlanm\u0131\u015f olan \u00e7ok merkezli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma devam etmektedir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ALS, saf alt motor n\u00f6ron veya \u00fcst motor n\u00f6ron hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan hastalar yan\u0131 s\u0131ra di\u011fer n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan olgular ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerden kan \u00f6rnekleri ve beyin omurilik s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131 planlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00f6rneklerden elde edilen veriler birbirleriyle k\u0131yaslanarak ALS’ye yol a\u00e7an neden veya nedenler yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n erken saptanmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik biyolojik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn (parametrenin) belirlenmesi hedeflenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Motor n\u00f6ron hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamamen iyile\u015ftirecek tedavi \u015fu an i\u00e7in m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Semptomatik ve destekleyici tedavi hastalar\u0131n ya\u015fam kalitesini ve ya\u015fam s\u00fcresini art\u0131rmaya yard\u0131m eder.<\/p>\n Tedavide Amerikan G\u0131da ve \u0130la\u00e7 Dairesinin (FDA) onay verdi\u011fi antiglutamat bir ajan olan Riluzol (Rilutek 50 mg tab) 100 mg\/g\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n ALS\u2019N\u0130N BEL\u0130RT\u0130LER\u0130 NELER?<\/strong><\/p>\n Hastal\u0131k, merkez sinir sisteminde, omurilik ve beyin sap\u0131nda motor h\u00fccrelerin (n\u00f6ronlar) kayb\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00dcst motor n\u00f6ron tutulu\u015fu sonucu (ekstremitelerde kat\u0131l\u0131k, hiperrefleksi, emosyonel labilite) ve alt motor n\u00f6ron tutulu\u015fu sonucu (kol ve bacaklarda asimetrik g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck, kaslarda erime, kramplar, kaslarda seyirme, yorulma, konu\u015fma ve yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) olu\u015fan bulgular\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli birle\u015fimleri klinik tabloyu belirlemektedir.<\/p>\n Tan\u0131; iyi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f hasta \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, fizik muayene bulgular\u0131na dayan\u0131larak konulur. Sinir ve kaslar\u0131n fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi elektron\u00f6romiyografik (EMG) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar gibi laboratuar testleri tan\u0131n\u0131n desteklenmesinde yard\u0131mc\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra baz\u0131 kan testleri, beyin ve omurili\u011fin magnetik rezonans (MR) g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, yap\u0131lan di\u011fer testlerdir. Ayr\u0131ca gerekti\u011finde beyin omurilik s\u0131v\u0131 incelemesi, genetik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, kas biyopsisi yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n ALS belirtileri, ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye de\u011fi\u015febilir ve genellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakileri i\u00e7erir:<\/strong><\/p>\n Kas g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc:<\/strong> Bu genellikle bir el veya bir ayakta ba\u015flar ve zamanla t\u00fcm v\u00fccuda yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kas kramplar\u0131 ve se\u011firmeleri (fasiy\u00fclasyonlar):<\/strong> Bu genellikle ALS\u2019nin erken belirtilerindendir.<\/p>\n Konu\u015fma, yutma ve nefes alma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc:<\/strong> Bu semptomlar, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesiyle genellikle k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fir.<\/p>\n Kas sertle\u015fmesi (spastisite):<\/strong> Baz\u0131 ALS hastalar\u0131, v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n bir veya daha fazla b\u00f6lgesinde sert, kat\u0131 kaslar deneyimler.<\/p>\n Denge ve koordinasyon sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong> Bu genellikle hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerleyen a\u015famalar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n H\u0131zl\u0131 duygusal de\u011fi\u015fimler:<\/strong> Baz\u0131 ALS hastalar\u0131, a\u011flama veya g\u00fclme n\u00f6betleri gibi h\u0131zl\u0131 ve beklenmedik duygusal de\u011fi\u015fimler ya\u015far.<\/p>\n ALS\u2019nin nedeni \u00e7o\u011funlukla bilinmemektedir. Ancak, %5-10 oran\u0131nda ailevi ALS vakalar\u0131nda, durum genetik fakt\u00f6rlerle ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir. Hastal\u0131k genellikle 40 ila 60 ya\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ba\u015flar ve hem erkeklerde hem de kad\u0131nlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Amyotrofik Lateral Skleroz (ALS), ayr\u0131ca Lou Gehrig hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak da bilinen, merkezi sinir sisteminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan motor n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n a\u015famal\u0131 kayb\u0131na neden olan nadir bir n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Motor n\u00f6ronlar, beyinden kaslara sinyaller g\u00f6nderen sinir h\u00fccreleridir. ALS’de, bu h\u00fccreler \u00f6l\u00fcr ve beyin, kaslar\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in sinyaller g\u00f6nderemez. Bu durum, zamanla kas g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve atrofiye (kas k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi) yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":94055,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[12125,7119,159,902,1137],"class_list":["post-94054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-als","tag-genellikle","tag-hasta","tag-hastaligi","tag-kas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=94054"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":94056,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94054\/revisions\/94056"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/94055"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=94054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=94054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=94054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}