{"id":95103,"date":"2023-06-08T09:21:08","date_gmt":"2023-06-08T09:21:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=95103"},"modified":"2023-06-08T09:21:08","modified_gmt":"2023-06-08T09:21:08","slug":"turkiye-denizlerinde-105-istilaci-tur-var","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/?p=95103","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye denizlerinde 105 istilac\u0131 t\u00fcr var"},"content":{"rendered":"

8 Haziran D\u00fcnya Okyanus G\u00fcn\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla okyanus ve denizlerdeki istilac\u0131 t\u00fcrler ile bunlar\u0131n ekosistem \u00fczerindeki etkileri hakk\u0131nda AA muhabirine de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulunan G\u00f6lge, insan kaynakl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rlerle do\u011fal ya\u015fam alan\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p yeni ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde ya\u015famaya ba\u015flayan t\u00fcrlerin \u201cyabanc\u0131 t\u00fcr\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bulundu\u011fu ortama, habitata, yerli t\u00fcrlere zarar vermeye ba\u015flay\u0131p ekonomiyi tehdit ederek \u00e7evresel sorunlar \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 durumunda ise bunlara \u201cistilac\u0131 yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcr\u201d denildi\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n

Okyanus ve denizlerde mikroskobik boyutlardan, g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp elle tutulabilecek boyutlara kadar \u00e7ok say\u0131da istilac\u0131 yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcr bulundu\u011funu anlatan G\u00f6lge, s\u00f6z konusu t\u00fcrlerin yeni ya\u015fam alan\u0131na bir kere giri\u015f yapt\u0131ktan sonra ortam\u0131n etkilerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yay\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini kaydetti.<\/p>\n

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G\u00f6lge, \u201cBalon bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u00f6rnek verecek olursak; denizlerimizde belli bir \u0131s\u0131nma var, balon bal\u0131\u011f\u0131na uygun iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve beslenebilece\u011fi uygun ortam mevcut ve en \u00f6nemlisi avc\u0131s\u0131 yok. Bu nedenle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00fcreyebiliyor. Bu t\u00fcr, uygun ko\u015fullar\u0131 buldu\u011fu zaman daha kuzeye gidebilir. \u015eu anda Karadeniz\u2019de balon bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek t\u00fck bildiriliyor ama bu daha kuzeyde, so\u011fuk alanlarda ya\u015fayamayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmiyor.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

\u0130stilac\u0131 yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u00e7evreleyen denizlere geli\u015flerinde iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkili oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc payla\u015fan G\u00f6lge, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n

\u201cBuzullar\u0131n erimesiyle daha k\u0131sa deniz yollar\u0131 olu\u015fuyor ve bu yollar\u0131 kullanan gemiler bu t\u00fcrlerin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na sebep olabiliyor. Yine erimeyle buzullarda sakl\u0131 olan t\u00fcrler farkl\u0131 alanlara yerle\u015fiyor. Suyun s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fcrlerin ya\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun ortam olu\u015fturuyor. K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz kaynakl\u0131 t\u00fcrler, Akdeniz\u2019e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi zaman al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k seviyesini bulduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in daha rahat \u00e7o\u011falabiliyorlar. Maalesef iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin olumsuz etkileri bu \u015fekilde devam etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece, t\u00fcrlerin yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zlanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve gittikleri ortamlara yerle\u015ferek istilac\u0131 \u00f6zellik kazanmalar\u0131n\u0131 bekliyoruz.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kaynakl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kalan insanlar i\u00e7in \u201ciklim m\u00fcltecisi\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak bunun b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu anlatan G\u00f6lge, her canl\u0131n\u0131n uygun ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131na do\u011fru hareket etmek istedi\u011fini ve denizlerdeki t\u00fcrlerin bu hareketlerini \u00e7ok daha rahat ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilece\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n

EN \u0130ST\u0130LACI T\u00dcR AKDEN\u0130Z\u2019DE<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stilac\u0131 yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin, giri\u015f yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ekosisteme zarar verdiklerinin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen G\u00f6lge, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n

\u201cGirdikleri ortamdaki yerli t\u00fcrleri yok edebiliyorlar. Mesela bir aslan bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir g\u00fcnde, v\u00fccut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 4\u2019\u00fc civar\u0131nda av t\u00fcketebiliyor, yediklerini \u00f6\u011f\u00fctebilmek i\u00e7in midesi 30 kata kadar geni\u015fleyebiliyor ve 167 farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrle beslenebiliyor. Bu da yerli t\u00fcrler \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131y\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. \u0130stilac\u0131 yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin temel karakterlerinden biri de h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falmalar\u0131 ve kolay avlanmalar\u0131. Yani ekosistemi kesinlikle tehdit ediyorlar.\u201d<\/p>\n

G\u00f6lge, istilac\u0131 yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 da ekonomik y\u00f6nden tehdit etti\u011fini, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yeteri kadar avlayamamas\u0131na ve av ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesine neden oldu\u011funu aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya genelinde 9 haftada bir denizel ortama yeni bir t\u00fcr\u00fcn giri\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7eken G\u00f6lge; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u00e7evreleyen Akdeniz, Ege, Marmara ve Karadeniz\u2019de, bu t\u00fcrlerle ilgili 4 pilot b\u00f6lgede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fcklerine de\u011findi. G\u00f6lge, \u015fu bilgileri payla\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cAkdeniz\u2019de 413, Ege\u2019de 253, Marmara\u2019da 124 ve Karadeniz\u2019de 28 yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcr bulunuyor. Bunlar\u0131n 105\u2019i istilac\u0131 karakterde. Akdeniz\u2019den kuzeye, Karadeniz\u2019e do\u011fru gittik\u00e7e yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin say\u0131s\u0131nda bir azalma ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Akdeniz\u2019deki t\u00fcrlerin y\u00fczde 72\u2019si K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz k\u00f6kenli, S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019ndan giri\u015f yapan t\u00fcrler. Ege\u2019de t\u00fcrlerin y\u00fczde 54\u2019\u00fc S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131 kaynakl\u0131, y\u00fczde 41\u2019i ise gemi balast suyu kaynakl\u0131. Marmara\u2019daki t\u00fcrlerin y\u00fczde 71\u2019i balast suyu kaynakl\u0131, y\u00fczde 21\u2019i S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019ndan gelenler. Karadeniz\u2019deki yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin y\u00fczde 78\u2019i gemi balast suyu, y\u00fczde 11\u2019i S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131 kaynakl\u0131. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda akuak\u00fclt\u00fcr ya da kayna\u011f\u0131 bilinmeyen t\u00fcrler de bulunuyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Yabanc\u0131 bir t\u00fcrle, denize girip istilac\u0131 hale geldikten sonra m\u00fccadele etmenin \u00e7ok zor, hatta imkans\u0131za yak\u0131n oldu\u011funu dile getiren G\u00f6lge, m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse bu t\u00fcrlerin denize giri\u015flerinin \u00f6nlenmesi gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6lge, \u201cBalast suyu kurallar\u0131na ciddi bir \u015fekilde uymam\u0131z gerekiyor ve denetimi de \u00f6nemli. S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019na bir tedbir al\u0131nabilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc zamanla oradaki do\u011fal bariyerler bozuldu ve t\u00fcrlerin daha rahat girebiliyor. Burada belki h\u00fck\u00fcmetler devreye girerek M\u0131s\u0131r \u00f6zelinde bir bask\u0131 olu\u015fturulabilir.\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Ekosistemin korunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6neminden bahseden G\u00f6lge, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle tamamlad\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130nsan v\u00fccudu gibi, ne kadar iyi bakarsan\u0131z, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyi olursa d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bir mikrobun ya da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n gelmesi o kadar zor. \u00c7e\u015fitli deniz koruma alanlar\u0131 ilan ederek, kirlili\u011fi engelleyerek ekosistemimizi koruyabiliriz. Ekosistemimiz ne kadar zay\u0131f olursa ba\u015fka bir t\u00fcr\u00fcn gelip oraya yerle\u015fmesi de o kadar kolay olacakt\u0131r. Vatanda\u015f olarak bilincimizin, fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n artmas\u0131 da \u00f6nemli.\u201d (AA)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Kalk\u0131nma Program\u0131 (UNDP) T\u00fcrkiye “Denizel \u0130stilac\u0131 Yabanc\u0131 T\u00fcrlerle M\u00fccadele Projesi” M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc ve \u00c7evre M\u00fchendisi Mehmet G\u00f6lge, T\u00fcrkiye’yi \u00e7evreleyen denizlerde tespit edilen yabanc\u0131 t\u00fcrlerden 105’inin istilac\u0131 karakterde oldu\u011funu, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkileriyle ekosistemi tehdit eden bu t\u00fcrlerin say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve yay\u0131lma h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n artaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":95104,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[527,9142,8465,748,5149],"class_list":["post-95103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yasam","tag-deniz","tag-golge","tag-ortam","tag-tur","tag-turler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=95103"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":95105,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95103\/revisions\/95105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/95104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=95103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=95103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/haberulus.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=95103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}